Which institution to apply for a psychologist. Best Secondary Degree Programs in Psychology
Psychologist(ancient Greek psycho - soul; logos - knowledge), (English - psychologist) - a specialist in the field of psychology who studies the state of mind and the laws of correcting human behavior, using this knowledge to assist in resolving personal problems, adaptation to the world around, improving the psychological climate in families and teams. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology and psychology (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).
The main task of a psychologist is to help a person find harmony with himself and the world around him, to develop behavioral mechanisms that allow a person to become more creative in relation to his life, to help identify his psychological resources.
There is a significant difference between the related professions "psychologist", "psychotherapist" and "psychiatrist". Psychotherapist and psychiatrist are doctors who graduated from medical schools. A psychologist, on the other hand, receives an education in the specialty "Psychology" at the psychological faculties of specialized universities and is not a doctor. The subject of the psychologist's activity is not a pathological disorder of the human psyche, but his state of mind and inner world.
Psychology is one of those professions that becomes part of its bearer. Becoming a psychologist, you become one forever! Watching your children, communicating with relatives and friends, you cannot but use your professional knowledge and experience. The subject of the study of psychology - the human soul - is inexhaustible. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote in his treatise “On the Soul” that, among other knowledge, the study of the soul should be given one of the first places, since “it is knowledge about the most sublime and amazing.” But even the best psychologist cannot give a one hundred percent universal recipe for getting rid of all problems. He is looking for ways to solve the problem together with the person who needs help, helps to find the internal resources of the body. A psychologist gives a person the opportunity to look at life in general and at the problem itself from a different angle, directing a person to the idea that our life is in our hands.
Features of the profession
The main activities of a psychologist:
Psychological diagnostics (testing) is the study of the individual characteristics of the human psyche with the help of tests, experiments, observations and interviews.
Counseling is a confidential communication between a psychologist and a client to find ways to solve problems.
Psychological training - active learning ways of emotional self-regulation, problem solving and personal growth through psychological games and exercises, followed by a discussion of the results.
Psychologist in demand modern world. Child psychologists work in schools and kindergartens, helping children quickly and easily adapt to new conditions. The school psychologist determines the readiness of the child for school, conducts individual work with difficult children, provides career guidance for high school students, conducting various trainings.
A psychologist is needed by enterprises for the adaptation of young professionals, to establish relationships in a team, to study the influence of labor factors on the human psyche, to select personnel, to motivate and evaluate personnel. A family psychologist consults families with problems. A sports psychologist sets up an athlete for a winning result and solves the accompanying problems. psychological problems. A clinical psychologist works in psychiatric hospitals (helping the psychiatrist make a more accurate diagnosis and participating in individual and group psychotherapy), trust services, rehabilitation centers, where he works as a psychotherapist with people who have suffered psychological trauma, entangled in circumstances, seriously ill, drug addicts, HIV-infected, if necessary, connecting a psychiatrist to the treatment. In prison, the psychologist is supposed to help prisoners adjust to normal life after release.
Psychologists can find bright applications in politics and business.
Pros and cons of the profession
Pros of the profession:
- interesting creative work
- the opportunity to take part in solving real problems of people
- the need for continuous professional improvement and, in this regard, the possibility of personal growth
- the ability to use professional knowledge in everyday life
- knowledge and change of oneself, one's attitude to the events of the world around
Disadvantages of the profession:
- mental fatigue, emotional burnout
- difficulties in accepting the client's worldview and in an effort to give useful advice without fail
- experience the client's problems as one's own
Place of work
- psychological centers
- private psychological counseling companies
- educational and medical institutions
- commercial companies and non-psychological enterprises
- helplines
Important qualities
- high general and emotional intelligence
- the ability to listen carefully and hear a person
- tolerance
- empathy and reassurance
- tact
- responsibility
- observation
- emotional stability
- optimism and self-confidence
- creativity
Salary
The profession of a psychologist is relevant and in demand today. The salary depends on the place of work and the duties of the psychologist. The most highly paid is a private practice, where earnings also depend on the number of clients and consultations.
Salary as of 04/15/2019
Russia 10000—50000 ₽
Moscow 30000—120000 ₽
Psychologist training
The Interregional Academy of the Industrial and Construction Complex (MASPK) invites you to get a specialty within the framework of additional education courses. You can undergo professional retraining at MASPK in the format of distance learning, being in any region of Russia and abroad. The Academy offers quality additional education and flexible prices.
On this course, you can get the profession of a psychologist remotely in 3 months and 15,000 rubles:
- one of the most affordable prices in Russia;
– Diploma of professional retraining of the established sample;
– Education in a completely remote format;
— Certificate of conformity to the professional standard worth 10,000 rubles. For a present!
— The largest educational institution of additional prof. education in Russia.
Higher educational institutions with a mental faculty are present in almost any city or regional center.
Career steps and prospects
Career growth opportunities mainly come down to professional development, which allows you to become a sought-after and highly paid specialist. You can create your own business aimed at providing psychological services. To work at a high professional level and being constantly in demand on the labor market, fundamental education is not enough, it is necessary to regularly take additional advanced training courses and learn various methods of psychological diagnostics and non-medical psychotherapy.
Notable psychologists
Notable psychologists: Wilhelm Wundt, William James, W.M., Sigmund Freud, Carl G. Jung, Wilhelm Reich, A.N. Leontiev, A.R. Luria, Eric Berne, Milton Erickson, Virginia Satir, Abraham Maslow, Viktor Frankl, Erich Fromm, Carl Rogers and others.
Psychology was formed from the foundations of such sciences as astronomy, philosophy, and the occult sciences. The first representatives of the "healers of souls" can be called healers, sorcerers, shamans. The positive effect of their "treatment" came, to a greater extent, from the power of suggestion than from the use of therapeutic agents. And only in the XVIII century the first attempts were made to scientifically substantiate their influence on humans. The founder of psychology as a science is Wilhelm Wundt, who in 1879 opened the world's first psychological laboratory, where he conducted research on the phenomena of consciousness by the method of introspection. This year is considered the birth year of psychology as a science.
About psychologists with humor
Mentally healthy people does not happen, there are badly examined!
The optimist sees light at the end of the tunnel. The pessimist sees a train coming towards him. And only a psychologist sees two idiots sitting on rails!
A psychologist, like a true friend, is a person who will hold your hand and feel your heart.
If you decide to get a second degree in psychology, it is important to decide on a specialization and decide where you plan to work - in a clinic, a scientific organization, teaching, or going into business.
Although at first glance, psychology education looks rather narrowly specialized, there are many possibilities for its application. Let's look at some of them - it will become much easier to navigate this type of education and decide on the direction of study.
Where to go to a psychologist
The most common area of work for psychologists is health care and social work. The presence of a second higher education in psychology will allow you to take initial positions in the field of clinical psychology or individual counseling. Another profession where people with a psychological education are taken is a social worker.
It is important to understand that for rapid career growth in the field of psychology, it will be necessary to study further - in a master's program or in other types of additional education. However, this is true for almost all medical professions.
University graduates with a degree in Psychology are also in demand in the universities themselves or in scientific organizations. Here, however, further education will also be necessary - in graduate school or magistracy.
good psychologists also needed in state structures(for example, to conduct various studies and surveys), as well as in private companies, especially in marketing agencies, or in positions of HR managers.
Admission
Today, a fairly large number of universities offer second higher education programs in Moscow and other cities in the field of psychology. However, it is not at all necessary to spend several years and a rather impressive amount of money on training in such programs (usually 3-4 years). The same universities offer to choose from various programs of additional education in psychology (this also includes master's programs, retraining programs, etc.)
When applying for a second higher education program in psychology, a diploma or certificate of first higher education is required, and it does not matter in which area.
Formally, Russian universities do not require a medical diploma for admission to master's programs in psychology, but you still have to take an exam in the specialty "Psychology". In principle, you can prepare yourself, but according to the experience of the admissions committees of leading universities, such training may not be enough. For these purposes, many universities have special programs of additional education, where you can complete the main disciplines of the psychology course in one year (or six months) and prepare for the exam.
Education
Let's take a closer look at what programs in psychology as a second higher or additional education are offered by Russian universities.
Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov. Psychology faculty
Moscow State University invites you to a master's program (it is also a second higher education) in psychology, and strongly advises those whose first higher education is not related to psychology to take a 1-year additional education course "Fundamentals of Psychology". Education is evening and lasts 2.5 years, and together with preparatory courses- 3.5. In addition, there are a number of professional retraining and advanced training programs.
Institute of Psychology and Clinical Psychology (IPiKP)
In the specialty "Psychology" training here lasts 3-4 years (full-time or part-time), and in the specialty "Clinical Psychology" - 4.5-5 years.
Institute of Practical Psychology and Psychoanalysis
At this institute, in absentia or at the evening department, you can get a second degree in the specialty "Psychological counseling, psychocorrection, psychotherapy." The institute pays special attention to the practice that students begin to take in real companies and clinics, starting from the first year.
This university offers such a huge selection of psychology programs that your eyes run wide. The second higher education in the specialty "Psychologist" or "Clinical Psychologist" can be obtained at the evening or correspondence department, and even remotely (only "Psychologist"). There are also master's and postgraduate studies in the direction of "Psychology". In addition, there are 30 retraining programs in psychoanalysis, practical psychology and psychotherapy, as well as 26 professional development programs.
Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University
In the specialty "Clinical Psychology" students study in the programs of the second higher education on a full-time, part-time and contractual basis.
Graduate School of Psychology
In this university, the second higher education in psychology is called "Accelerated Higher Education". In accordance with the specializations, practice is carried out in various socio-psychological centers, preschool and school educational institutions, specialized correctional schools, Research Institute of Neurosurgery. N.N. Burdenko, the Scientific Center for Mental Health of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, consulting and training companies, educational and training centers, recruitment agencies, career guidance centers
Psychology
The term "psychology" comes from two Greek words - psyche (soul, psyche) and logos (word, doctrine), i.e. psychology is a science that studies the psyche, and a psychologist is a specialist who understands human feelings and patterns of behavior.
In modern society, the role of psychologists, whose activities are aimed at achieving successful interaction between people, as well as the effective functioning and development of each individual personality, is steadily increasing. Psychologists are in demand in various areas of social practice, training, business communication, in the field of interpersonal and family relations, in the field of modern business and marketing, advertising and PR. Such fields of application of psychological knowledge as political, legal, religious psychology are rapidly developing; the role of psychologists in enterprises and organizations for the development of corporate culture, team building, solving personnel issues and employee motivation systems is invaluable.
Specialties and Specializations in Psychology
After 5 years of full-time study in the specialty "Psychology", a university graduate is awarded the qualification "psychologist" or "teacher of psychology".
In the direction of "Psychology" in the universities of Moscow, two-level education is also possible. After 4 years of full-time study at the university at the first level in the bachelor's degree, the graduate is awarded a bachelor's degree in psychology. Graduates of bachelor's and specialist's degrees can continue their education at a university in the field of psychology at the second level of higher education in the master's program and after 2 years of full-time study receive a master's degree in psychology.
Within the framework of the main specialty "Psychology", universities provide training in one or several specializations, involving the teaching of a number of special disciplines. Most often, Moscow universities offer the following specializations:
- Social Psychology
- Psychology of work and organizational psychology
- Developmental psychology, developmental psychology
- Psychological counseling
- Psychologist-analyst (in the organization).
Moscow universities offer several more specializations in the specialty "Psychology", which differ in the scope of the graduate's future professional activity: "Political Psychology", "Business Psychology", "Psychology of Advertising (and Marketing)", "Psychology of Creativity", "Legal Psychology", "Psychology education".
What are they studying
In addition to a wide range of general professional disciplines, future university graduates in the field of psychology study a number of subjects from related fields of knowledge: medicine, sociology, jurisprudence, political science, and pedagogy. Much attention in curricula universities is given to the study foreign language, informatics and mathematics.
A feature of all programs of higher psychological education without exception is their pronounced practical orientation. To work with such a fragile material as the human psyche, in addition to theoretical, extended practical training is required - university students in the field of psychology undergo several cycles of specialized practice in centers of practical psychology, the most effective of which is working on a helpline.
Where do psychologists work and how much do they earn?
The widest area of practical activity is for psychologists, specialists in social and organizational psychology. They can work: in the state apparatus, in universities, research institutes and laboratories, in the armed forces and structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in public opinion research centers, on helplines, in firms, banks, enterprises, trade organizations, in the personnel and psychological services of institutions and enterprises, vocational guidance and vocational counseling centers, advertising agencies, healthcare and social protection organizations. The salary of social psychologists is from 500 US dollars per month.
Specialists in developmental psychology are expected in preschool and school educational institutions, universities and colleges, in centers for training specialists in production, in employment centers, in psychological and family consultations, in various centers for working with children, adolescents, and youth. The salary of these specialists is low - from 500 US dollars per month.
Psychologists-consultants on personality problems are in demand in centers for medical, psychological and social assistance to the population, centers for early development and education of children, in counseling centers on family and marriage issues, in centers for working with offenders, in the system of private psychological and psychotherapeutic practice. Psychological counseling is a higher paid activity that usually has an hourly fee - from $ 25 per hour.
Psychologists-consultants specializing in organizational problems will find work in consulting companies, recruitment agencies, personnel management services, in the ATC system, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other law enforcement agencies, employment centers, in government institutions related to the provision of psychological help. Psychologists-analysts working in large companies receive from 1000 US dollars per month.
Sociology
The term "sociology" is derived from two words: the Latin societas ("society") and the Greek logos ("doctrine, concept"), that is, sociology is the science of society. The tasks of sociology include: analysis of modern social problems society and individual social groups; diagnostics, explanation, forecasting and optimization of social processes and social relations; their regulation and management. To solve these problems, sociology uses quantitative (mathematical, statistical) and qualitative (group interviews) research methods.
The need of modern society for sociology and sociologists is great. Sociology proper deals with the study of public opinion on the most important socio-political and economic issues, for example, the problems of pricing policy, satisfaction with the standard of living, ratings of politicians and political parties. In addition, there is a broad field of applied sociology in which sociologists can engage in:
- marketing activities in companies and enterprises;
- analytical work in the media (television, radio, press, Internet);
- calculation of the effectiveness of advertising campaigns in agencies;
- studying the opinion of the electorate and other political technologies;
- conducting research in the field of personnel management;
- information and analytical work on risk management, etc.
Specialties and Specializations in Sociology
There are two ways to get a higher education in sociology. Five years of full-time study at the university makes it possible to acquire the specialty "Sociology" with big amount specializations. The second option for obtaining the profession of a sociologist at a Moscow university is a two-level education in a bachelor's degree (4 years) and a master's degree (2 years). The bachelor's degree in sociology also has specializations. The most common specializations in Moscow universities:
- "Applied Methods of Sociological Research"
- "Economic Sociology"
- "Sociology of Marketing, PR and Advertising"
- "Sociology of Mass Communications"
- "Sociology of politics"
- "Sociology and Psychology of Management"
In order to carry out their work professionally, future graduates in sociology must study a wide range of sociological sciences and a large number of disciplines from related fields: political science, psychology, management, economics, law, advertising, marketing. Students must undergo serious mathematical training, including knowledge of mathematical statistics, methods and techniques of sociological research, and master the methodology for creating and using models for predicting social phenomena. Much attention in the training program for sociologists in universities is given to new information technologies, the use of computer technologies for processing sociological information.
Where do they work and how much do they earn?
Future university graduates in the field of sociology can start professional activity from senior courses as interviewers. The interviewer conducts an interview with a focus group of people, on the basis of which he seeks General characteristics, and groups them by type. University students can carry out sociological research within the walls of their own university, for example, to conduct a rating assessment of the work of individual teachers and the entire university as a whole.
After graduating from a university in the field of sociology, you can build your career in two main areas: scientific activity or applied research. A scientific career, unfortunately, does not pay well: a starting salary of $500 can only rise to $1,000 if you get a project manager position. In marketing, advertising and media activities, you can immediately count on 600-800 US dollars with an increase in salary for a year of work up to 1,500 dollars. The fees of experienced political technologists reach 10,000 US dollars.
Sociologists can study public opinion in analytical centers, carry out sociological support of election campaigns, conduct expert and consulting work in government and business structures, in the field of PR. Sociologists can work in scientific institutions, including international research, and in educational institutions in teaching and administrative positions. Sociologists are indispensable in the personnel departments of companies and enterprises, they can work as risk managers, engage in research activities in sociological monitoring centers.
| VSEVED RECOMMENDS | ||
When planning to enter the Faculty of Psychology, what to take is the first question that future students ask. Psychological education in the last couple of decades has become especially in demand among applicants. This is largely due to the spread among the masses of such a serious and meaningful science as psychology: recently there has been an increased interest in intrapersonal mental processes and their influence on all spheres of life and activity of a person and society. Another reason why people go for a degree in psychology is the desire to learn to understand themselves and those around them in order to become successful and happy themselves and to help others find peace of mind.
However, today a specialist with a psychological education is approached not only in private: the flourishing of the profession is due to the fact that private and public organizations began to experience the need for qualified psychologists. An employee providing psychological support to personnel is responsible not only for recruiting personnel, but also for solving such problems as motivating employees, creating a harmonious psychological climate at work, in a company or organization, developing and training personnel, and resolving conflict situations.
The position of a full-time psychologist or its own psychological service is in every large company, which is maintained even during a crisis, since the importance of the work of a psychologist is recognized. Yesterday's graduates do not experience serious problems with employment: psychological education can find application in various fields - from individual counseling to business training.
Applicants of the Faculty of Psychology are interested in what they have to take, because the career of a psychologist - regardless of his field of activity - begins with a successful admission. The standard set of subjects that future psychologists will have to demonstrate knowledge of is the Russian language, biology and mathematics. In fact, these subjects are taken at school - at the end of the 11th grade, in the format of the unified state exam (USE). And if tests in the Russian language and mathematics are mandatory for all students completing their studies at school, then additional subjects - and in this case it is biology - will have to be taken on a voluntary basis.
It should be borne in mind that in some cases a higher education institution may additionally appoint its own internal examination in one of these subjects. However, for successful admission, a certificate of passing the exam will still be required for each of the subjects.
Passing score at the Faculty of Psychology
For admission to the Faculty of Psychology passing score established neither by the Ministry of Education nor by the university itself in individually. This indicator is formed according to the results of the general competition in the enrollment process, so it is unlikely that you will be able to know in advance whether you are a competitive applicant, unless, of course, the number of points you scored on the Unified State Examination in the required subjects is not higher than the average. To assess your chances of admission, you can familiarize yourself with the passing scores for the chosen faculty for previous years.
Thus, if you enter the Faculty of Psychology, the passing score at your university for this year you will find out only during the period of admission, and even if it is lower than the result of your personal exam, this cannot be a guarantee of enrollment. However, it will be much easier for those entering on a contract basis or for part-time studies to withstand the competition with other applicants: in the first case, the minimum scores in core subjects are usually sufficient, and in the second, the score barrier is significantly lower.
And if you have any doubts, know that in admission committee the chosen university will answer all your questions!
