Minimum roof pitch. Recommendations for the installation of roofing sandwich panels Slope of roofing sandwich panels metal profile

Roofing sandwich panels BELPANEL K4 are mounted with trimming of the inner cladding (cutting is performed on site).

In the case of a gable roof, the left and right notches allow simultaneous installation on both slopes on the same side.

BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels can be fixed into purlins of steel, wood or concrete roofing with an integrated steel profile.

When designing the roof, one should take into account the minimum roof slope for roof sandwich panels BELPANEL K4 - αmin = 10%, maximum allowable distance between supports.

The minimum width of the intermediate support for BELPANEL roof sandwich panels is 60 mm. BELPANEL roof sandwich panels are coated on both sides with a special film, which is used to protect BELPANEL roof sandwich panels during transportation and installation.

On the inside of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, the film is removed immediately before installation, and on the front side of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels - immediately before completion of work. In places of fastening of overhead elements and under screws, the film is removed before installation.

For installation cutting of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, only electric shears and saws that allow cold cutting are allowed. The cutting point must not be overheated to avoid damaging the anti-corrosion protection of the sheet. After each cutting, the surface of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels must be thoroughly cleaned of chips.

Before starting the installation of each of the BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, check that the joined trapezoids of the upper profiled sheet are completely cleaned.

It is recommended to use a vacuum or mechanical gripper to lift BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, move them and install them at the installation site.

At the place where the vacuum gripper is attached to the roof sandwich panels, it is necessary to remove the protective film. Installation of BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels is carried out from the bottom panel. The following roofing sandwich panels are mounted according to the scheme.

The first of the BELPANEL roofing sandwich panels is mounted with an open corrugation towards the end of the building.

Fastening roof sandwich panels BELPANEL

To fasten BELPANEL roof sandwich panels, special self-drilling screws made of carbon or stainless steel with washers and a synthetic rubber seal (EPDM: ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer) should be used. The length of the screws depends on the thickness of the applied BELPANEL roof sandwich panels and the type of substructure!

Pay special attention to the tightening force of self-drilling screws. They should not be too tight and not too loose.

Avoid over-tightening the fasteners as this will shorten the life of the fastener and may damage the panel. The first sign of too much tightening is the appearance of dents on the surface of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels.

Longitudinal connection of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels

The longitudinal connection between roof sandwich panels must be additionally connected with screws, as shown in the figure. When connecting BELPANEL K-4 roof sandwich panels, the distance between two adjacent screws should be no more than 0.5 m.

Determination of the required number of screws.

When determining the required number of screws, the following should be taken into account:

Wind load, depending on the location of the object and on its height;
Object type (open, closed, etc.);
In what conditional zone of the roof is the attached roof sandwich panel located (panels in the extreme zones are most susceptible to wind gusts);
The bearing capacity of one fastener.

The required number of screws is determined by the designer in accordance with the standards for a given climatic region.

Seal the longitudinal joint between panels.

During installation, it is necessary to pay attention to the connection of BELPANEL roof sandwich panels. On the longitudinal connection between the roof sandwich panels, a gap must not be allowed!

Always seal the longitudinal joint, regardless of the slope of the roof (silicone sealant or tape Abris Lb 10×2).

When it is necessary to apply a sealant in a longitudinal joint on the inside of the roof, it must be applied manually before the installation of each of the subsequent BELPANEL roof sandwich panels.

To prevent the circulation of air and steam, the joints between roof sandwich panels and columns should be carefully sealed. On the surface of the column adjacent to the roof sandwich panels is glued sealing tape. The tape is attached to inside away from the fastener line to seal the fastener holes at the same time.

In the construction of residential and industrial buildings, sandwich panels are often used. It is an inexpensive and building material, from which walls and roofs are mainly erected.

Structure

The sandwich panel is a sheet consisting of the following layers:

external coating on both sides (galvanized steel, polyester, oriented strand board or drywall);
insulation ( mineral wool, polyurethane foam, fiberglass or polystyrene foam).

Advantages of sandwich panels

The widespread use of this building material for roofing is due to the following advantages:

thermal insulation at a high level;
low flammability;
low cost;
high level of sound insulation;
no need for complex construction equipment for laying;
reduced load on load-bearing structures due to low weight;
a wide range of shades, so there is no need for additional finishing;
high resistance to negative impact environment(humidity, microorganisms, chemicals, temperature changes).

Roofing

In order for a roof made of sandwich panels to be reliable and of high quality, the following rules must be taken into account:

Minimum possible angle roof slope - 50. This is the lowest mark, the excess is permissible here.
Suitable for styling only solid panels without joints, windows and other elements that violate their integrity.

Since 50 is the minimum mark, other criteria are needed to determine the size of the angle that is suitable for this particular roof. An important one is the climate of the region in which the building is being built. If the region is characterized by frequent and heavy rainfall, then it is necessary to provide such a slope that would maximize the removal of moisture from the roof. The optimal indicator here is 400. So the water will not stagnate at the joints, and in winter this is especially true, since snowdrifts and ice destroy the roof, expand the cracks and lead to the risk of collapse if snow masses have accumulated in large quantities.

If the climate is dry enough, then the slope is allowed from 70 to 250.

The following ratio should be remembered: the steeper the roof is erected, the greater the consumption building materials will be needed. If the roof is quite flat (5-7 degrees) there is no need for additional fasteners to fix the sandwich panels to the supporting structure made of metal, reinforced concrete or wood. However, if this low mark is exceeded, additional connecting fasteners are indispensable.

Formulas for calculation

Slope is the angle of inclination of the roof surface relative to the horizon. The larger the angle, the steeper the roof. The slope is expressed either as a percentage or in degrees. For example, 40 is equivalent to 7%.

Required equipment

When constructing a roof from sandwich panels, it is necessary to constantly trim them with electric shears, a stationary machine or a fine-toothed saw. A grinder or hot cutting devices are not recommended here, because when heated, the cut lines deform and bend, the protective coating is broken and corrosion appears.

To transport the panels to the roof, vacuum or mechanical grippers are used, which do not damage the surface and do not violate the integrity of the panels. Before installing the grips, a protective film is glued in the right places. Secure the panels with long stainless steel self-tapping screws for sandwich panels, supplemented with sealing gaskets and washers. The length of the fasteners must correspond to the thickness of the plates and the frame.

To prepare for work, you need to first calculate how many fasteners you will need. Their number is influenced by the following factors:

wind load. This factor depends on the height of the building, its location and the angle of the roof.
Type of building (closed or open).
Attachment area. The outer panels experience more wind load than the panels located in the center.
Characteristics of fasteners (load-bearing capacity).

Based on all these factors, the required number of hardware is calculated, and it is important that the resulting figure corresponds to the proper SNiP.

Secrets of proper styling

When building a roof from sandwich panels, it is important to maintain their integrity, otherwise the result of the work will be unsatisfactory. The following guidelines will help you complete the entire process correctly:

When cutting boards, abrasive or hot cutting is not allowed, as it damages the integrity of the protective layer.
Both sides of the sandwich panels are covered with protective films. From the bottom, it must be removed immediately before the moment when the laying is carried out, not earlier. The top film must be removed at the end of all work, so as not to stain or deform the surface.
If chips appear during the cutting of metal, they must be removed immediately so that they do not linger on the surface of the plate.
By doing installation work workers who are on the roof must wear shoes with soft soles only.
If the slabs are stored outdoors while awaiting erection, care must be taken to protect them from aggressive weather conditions. It is recommended to stack the material on a level and dry area.
The weather for installation must be dry, without precipitation and strong wind. The maximum allowable wind speed is 9 m/s. Minimum temperature ambient air is +40C.
Good lighting is essential for the installation process.

Preview

Before laying the sandwich panel on the roof, you need to carefully examine the roof structure so that it fully complies with the project, the correct laying of the plates depends on this. If defects and errors are found, they must be eliminated before the installation of sandwich panels.

Laying process

Sandwich panels are mounted in the transverse direction to the girders, located parallel to the cornices. To improve the bearing capacity of the roof, you can reduce the installation step of the runs. This is true when building a roof with a slight slope, if the region is characterized by heavy snowfalls.

Before the erection of the plates, a layer of waterproofing and insulation is laid (often mineral wool is used in this capacity). Runs and supports are checked. All deposits, including mold and rust, must be removed. Preliminary preparation supports depends on what material they are made of.

Wooden structures are cleaned of mold and fungus, and cracks on their surface are sealed. A protective layer is applied that prevents ignition and mold.
Metal elements are coated with an anti-corrosion agent.

First, slabs are laid, the length of which does not reach 10 meters. Due to their low weight, they easily climb onto the roof. It is forbidden to put the panels on the lock, as this can lead to the distortion of the panels. Laying starts from the bottom corner of the roof and is carried out vertically: from the bottom up.

Conclusion

The slope of the roof is one of the factors that determines the laying process and further operation. To avoid corrosion, leaks and other troubles, it is important to correctly calculate what slope the roof should have.

This parameter is influenced by the climatic features of the region where the building is being built.

Roof sandwich panels - convenient modern material for covering roofs of any area. They appeared on the construction market relatively recently, but builders are willing to use them in their work because of a number of qualities:

Ease of installation: sandwich panels are mounted without unnecessary physical effort, and the process takes relatively little time;
Light weight with a large area: this is both an advantage and a disadvantage, because the panels are easy to carry, but the wind easily removes them from their place;
Good heat and noise insulation;
fire resistance;
Appearance: With sandwich panels, home, garage, store and any other building get a personality of decoration and make passers-by pay attention to its organic design.

Why do you need a slope?

Making a roof slope means going to increase costs. The higher the laying, the more material is needed to cover the area. But since you can save money on this, is it worth it at all to make a bias and spend extra money?

Firstly, a roof made of sandwich panels has special installation conditions in the SNiP standards, and ignoring them will be a mistake and bring trouble.

Problems when erecting the wrong slope

Ignoring or ignorance of the rules for laying roofing from sandwich panels will bring trouble to the owners of the building in the form of:

Rapid wear of the material and deterioration in quality;
Stagnant waters that will begin to bloom;
Waterproofing violations;
Presentable loss.

Right choice

The minimum slope is selected according to the climatic environment of the building and the laying features. For a dry climate with hot air and constant solar exposure, when the roof is made of solid panels without transverse joints and openings, choose the minimum slope allowed by the rules of SNiPs - 5 °. If there are connections or skylights, then a greater slope is required.

All solutions for choosing slopes are indicated in the table. Four positions reflect the minimum figures, but construction decisions fluctuate in different cases. If the laying is carried out by a non-professional with a special education, then there is no question of other solutions.

Guarantees

If the choice is made correctly, then the roof of the sandwich panels will serve the building for 25 years or more. During this period, there will be no unpleasant incidents in the form of leaks or freezing of the seams, if the installation was carried out with intelligence and arrangement. The external qualities of the panel lose for a long time, and a presentable appearance is maintained until the end of the service and the dismantling of the coating.

Sandwich panels are a relatively cheap roofing material, and for the price paid, they meet and exceed the work plan and honest service building. The main thing is to carry out the laying work correctly and choose the minimum slope so that the coating can show its qualities in all its glory and represent appearance buildings from the best side.

The popularity of roofing sandwich panels is due to the simplicity of their installation. In order for the resulting structure to serve for a long time and reliably, it is necessary to carefully follow the recommendations for the transportation and laying of the material.

Determination of the minimum angle of the roof slope

There are the following SNiP recommendations: the roof slope of sandwich panels should not be less than 5 degrees. At the same time, only solid panels should be used for laying: such a surface does not contain joints, windows and other elements that violate its solidity. All other situations are for minimum slope roofs made of sandwich panels indicator 7 degrees.

When selecting the optimal roof structure and the degree of its inclination, the climate in the given region is taken into account. In areas with frequent and heavy rainfall, a slope of a shed roof of at least 40 degrees is recommended for a roof made of sandwich panels. This will allow rainwater to freely descend, without stagnation at the joints. If the region has a dry and hot climate, the minimum slope for sandwich panels can be reduced to 7-25 degrees. At the same time, it must be remembered that the construction of steeper roofs will require a greater consumption of building material.

A flat roof made of sandwich panels will provoke moisture stagnation. In this case, negative consequences for the tightness of the butt sections cannot be avoided. When the thaw gives way to frost, this causes the accumulated water to freeze. Such processes damage the outer protective layer of the panel, and subsequently destroy the metal shell. If the supporting metal, reinforced concrete or wooden structure, when arranging a small roof slope from sandwich panels, additional fasteners will not be needed. If the minimum slope of the roofing sandwich panels exceeds the mark of 7 degrees, additional connecting fasteners are used.

Required equipment for installation

During the construction of the roof from sandwich panels, there is a constant need to cut the material to size. It will also need to be fixed and waterproofed seams. To cut the panels, you can use electric shears, a fine-toothed saw, or a stationary machine with a circular saw. It is better not to use a grinder or hot cutting devices, as the panels begin to bend due to heating of the cut line. This leads to a violation of the protective coating, due to which corrosion begins to appear.

When carrying sandwich panels, mechanical or vacuum grippers are usually used, which avoids surface damage. In those areas where the grips are installed on the panel, a special film is pre-glued. Long stainless self-tapping screws are used as fastening material for installing roofing sandwich panels. It is also necessary to have washers and special sealing gaskets. When choosing the optimal length of the screws, they are guided by the thickness of the panel and the frame on which it is fixed. It is more convenient to tighten screws with a screwdriver.

When calculating the required amount of fasteners, the following factors are taken into account:

wind load on the building. This is affected by its height, location and angle of inclination of the roof of sandwich panels.
Features of the building (open or closed).
Where in the roof structure is the element to be fixed. The outermost panels receive the greatest wind load.
load bearing capacity of each fastener.

Accurate calculations must be performed by a qualified specialist, taking into account the SNiP minimum roof slope from sandwich panels. Joints between panels require special attention: there should be no gaps between them. On roofs with any angle of roofing from sandwich panels, a special tape of the Abris Lb 10x2 type is used for sealing. You can also use silicone sealant. All vertical connections are equipped in the same way.

Characteristics of sandwich panels

On sale are several varieties of material with different sizes, filler and strength index. Depending on their characteristics, the purpose of each type is determined. The inner insulation layer usually consists of expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate or mineral wool.

Sandwich panels weigh quite a bit, and can combine topcoat and insulation. The warmest are products with basalt wool. The body made of thin sheet metal is covered with a decorative polymer protection - thanks to this, the plates are given the necessary color design and corrosion protection.

In order not to cause damage to the protective layer during the laying of the material, the following recommendations must be followed:

The use of hot and abrasive cutting is completely excluded.
The protective film on the underside of the panel must remain until it is installed. The top film is removed at the end of the work.
If metal chips appear when cutting the material, they must be brushed off immediately, otherwise they may subsequently scratch the polymer layer.
When carrying out installation work, it is allowed to use shoes with soft soles only.
If the sandwich panels along the way construction works are stored outdoors, it is necessary to think over for them reliable protection from climatic influences. For laying the material, it is recommended to use a flat, dry area.

Features of the installation

SNIP roofing of sandwich panels requires the following conditions:

It is advisable to choose a calm day for installation, since the area of the panels is large, and the weight is small. Weak gusts of wind up to 9m/s are allowed.
Do not operate in rainy, snowy or foggy weather.
In case of poor lighting, the installation process should be stopped.
In order to qualitatively carry out longitudinal compaction, the air temperature must be at least +4 degrees.

Starting to install roofing material, you need to do the following:

Carefully inspect the roof structure for compliance with its design documentation. If defects and installation defects are found, they must be eliminated.
Check that all girders, crossbars and other structural elements comply with the project. To do this, you must use the building level.
Prepare all fixtures and tools.

Laying order

Installation of sandwich panels is carried out in the transverse direction to the girders, which are parallel to the eaves. To increase the bearing capacity of the roof, the purlin installation step can be reduced. This technique is usually used on roofs with a small slope in areas with heavy snowfalls. In any case, this parameter should not be more than 200 cm.

First, slabs up to 10 m long are laid, since they are much easier to lift onto the roof. In addition, in this case, the risk of deformations due to temperature fluctuations during the operation of the coating is reduced by an order of magnitude. Before the installation of sandwich panels, insulation (mineral wool) and waterproofing are laid. You should also check the horizontalness of the runs and the condition of wooden, metal and reinforced concrete supports. All detected rust, mold and other deposits must be removed.

If there are cracks in the wooden elements, they must be repaired. The same applies to cavities in concrete mortar. Sealing of all joints of frame elements is carried out. For processing wooden surfaces fire protection is used, for metal - anti-corrosion agents. It is very important that the pitch of the bearing elements matches the dimensions of the slabs. When choosing the width of the spans, they try to ensure that the material is fastened at a distance of 50 mm from the edge. The joining panels must also be well supported.

If mineral wool is used as thermal insulation inside the sandwich panels, it is necessary to protect breathing with a respirator. When lifting the panels onto the roof, it is forbidden to put them on the lock in order to avoid its curvature. It is best to start laying sandwich panels on the roof from any of the lower corners, adhering to the strict vertical installation.

The best option for BMZ is a roof made of three-layer roofs completely ready for installation. metal sandwich panels: does not need additional insulation, easy to install, cost-effective, has an aesthetic appeal, unpretentious maintenance.

Reliable roofing is a combination of high-quality roofing sandwich panels at a bargain price, accurate calculations and proper installation!

Roof pitch from sandwich panels

For guaranteed water drainage when the roof is iced, the slope of the slopes roofing must not be less than:

5% for roofs assembled from solid panels without cross joints and skylights,
8% for roofs assembled from panels connected along the length and in the presence of skylights.

At the same time, one should not forget about the minimum pitch and width of the roof supports. It is recommended to check the compliance of the support with the preferred characteristics. It will not be superfluous to take into account the data on the maximum permissible loads.

intermediate supports

Extreme supports

Proper installation starts with proper transport and storage. It is at this stage that there is a high risk of damaging the panels and reducing their quality characteristics. To avoid mistakes, please read:

The panels must be mounted on thermal rubber bands glued along the entire length of the supporting element and adjacent structures. In the longitudinal joints and in the overlaps of the panels of the transverse joints, sealant should be laid, preferably butyl rubber tape. Usage silicone sealants not allowed.

When laying panels longer than 12 m, it is permissible to use a transverse beam - a traverse. It is allowed to use a single-tee or channel beam - the panel is suspended every 3-4 m.

The slope of the roof must also be taken into account to avoid damage to the edges of the panels.

Raising panels to the roof

In the process of laying roof sandwich panels the best option use of a crane is considered.

The lifting of individual panels from the package one by one must be carried out using specially designed and widely available tools: a carpenter's clamp with a steel plate and a rubber or felt pad, a vacuum gripper.

Installation of roof panels: fastening to the run, ridge, ebb

First of all, with the exception of ridge roof purlins, with the help of one fastener, the panel is fixed to the purlin under the ridge.

The end panels are attached in the upper part of the trapezium to the run with three self-tapping screws; average - two. Given the difference in loads in the above areas, the recommendations are conditional. The final number and type of fasteners is determined by the working draft.

Upon completion of the main installation work, it is necessary:

between the ridge runs, mount the inner ridge bar
polyurethane foam to fill the free space in the joints of the panels;
when the foam hardens, install a profile polyurethane gasket on both sides of the ridge;

In the case of using roof panels with mineral wool insulation, the joint is filled with a mineral wool sealing compound.

Proper organization of the tide is also important. To ensure proper drainage from the roof surface, the panels in the overhang are trimmed with a plank.

A heater is cut under the top skin of the panel, the bar is pushed through and attached to the bottom panel. The gutter hooks are attached to the plank, later the gutter pipes are inserted, preferably made of PVC.

Roof junction to sandwich panels

Mounting nodes, junction nodes of roofing panels, fastening of panels and decorative strips is carried out in the strictest accordance with project documentation, the development of which is carried out by a specialized organization licensed to carry out the design.