Veneer definition. Manufacturing technology of veneered doors. How to find out which veneered door is better and better

Veneer coated doors are the undisputed sales leader in the interior door segment. The veneer finish gives the door structures a presentable look, while they are relatively light in weight and have excellent functional characteristics. Veneered doors are easy to choose for any style of interior, manufacturers offer the widest range of doors of the most various design and color range.

What is a veneer?

door structures. Recently, its artificial analogue, eco-veneer, has also become widespread. Eco-veneer interior doors are in consistently high demand due to their aesthetic appearance and excellent wear resistance.

Construction shops and specialized salons offer a wide range of eco-veneer interior doors at prices that are quite affordable for the vast majority of buyers. There are several types of eco-veneer: the most common is polypropylene film, and higher-class artificial facing materials, such as nano-flex veneer, have also begun to gain popularity. The nano-flex cover is made from high-strength Japanese parchment, which is coated with a durable polymer coated and a double layer of protective varnish. On the surface of nano-flex veneer, glossy and matte areas alternate, which creates a visual three-dimensional effect. To the touch, this material is identical to natural veneer - it is soft and velvety.

Polypropylene ecoveneer is produced by pressing a mixture of natural wood fibers and polypropylene. Outwardly, it looks almost indistinguishable; it is a natural veneer coating.

Advantages and disadvantages of eco-veneer

Comparing natural veneer and eco-veneer, we can distinguish three main advantages of artificial turf:

aesthetic appearance;
high wear resistance;
democratic value.

Eco-veneer with 100% accuracy reproduces the natural cut of wood - both in texture and in color scheme, it is almost indistinguishable from a natural coating. Artificial veneer is resistant to abrasion and other mechanical influences. It does not change its color during use, does not exfoliate or crack in conditions of high humidity and temperature changes.

Another advantage of eco-veneer of the nano-flex type is environmental friendliness and hypoallergenicity; it does not contain chlorine, heavy metals and formaldehyde. Caring for eco-veneer doors is as easy and simple as possible, they can even be washed with detergents.

Eco-veneer doors also have a number of disadvantages. Such a door leaf cannot be repaired in case of severe mechanical damage. And most importantly, eco-veneer is a material of artificial origin.

Advantages and disadvantages of natural veneer

Buying veneered interior doors is a worthy alternative to solid wood products. Among their advantages:

presentable appearance, indistinguishable from analogues from the array;
the uniqueness of the pattern of each canvas;
naturalness of the material;
maintainability.

However, products with natural veneer have more high cost, and also need gentle care using special tools.

Which doors to stop at - each buyer decides this task based on his personal preferences and, of course, the budget allocated for repairs. Prices for eco-veneer interior doors are low, making this solution available even to buyers with a limited repair budget. After all, the price of door panels with artificial veneer is significantly lower than analogues with natural veneer and, moreover, solid wood doors.

Doors in natural veneer are more expensive, while they are not only the most environmentally friendly, but also have a noble natural pattern and lively energy.

Veneer is a thin cut (sheet) of natural wood. Of course, natural wood and solid wood furniture are very beautiful, but, like any material, it has its drawbacks. The array is expensive, subject to a change in linear dimensions at different humidity, even if it was previously thoroughly dried and varnished. Veneer finishing of furniture parts or surfaces is a way to make it cheaper and more affordable, while maintaining the attractiveness and nobility of natural material.

The basis for veneered furniture can be an array or a glued board made of inexpensive wood species, chipboard panels, MDF or other materials. On such a base, a cut of natural wood of valuable species is glued on top - veneer. MDF and chipboard surfaces veneered in this way do not change their dimensions from humidity fluctuations. Thus, veneered panels for the production of furniture, for interior decoration - the only way in a relatively small amount natural wood decorate a large room (ceiling, Wall panels) or release a mass batch of furniture. Some types of veneer are unique - they are made from tree roots, from growths and burls, from knotty areas of a massive trunk, such veneer reveals bizarre patterns of wood, wood fibers are located, for example, in numerous spheres, a kind of "wood malachite" is obtained, giving the product a unique look . An example of furniture with a combination of solid wood and veneer is the Belarusian furniture of the series, in ours.

In addition to the aesthetic and consumer aspects, the widespread use of veneer for furniture decoration saves a huge number of trees of rare species from destruction. We can say this: if veneering technology did not exist, it would simply have to be invented to conserve forests and improve the environment.

The veneer is subject to various processing, including, it is tinted in different colors, getting interesting results. In the process of gluing veneer to the base, sometimes they combine different breeds and colors, folding mosaic patterns. In some cases, veneering is not only a technological and less expensive way to increase the attractiveness of wood products, MDF and chipboard, sometimes it is a unique, the only way to reveal the beauty of wood. An example of an unusual veneer is, in the decoration of the facades, a coating of a natural cut of the cork tree Valencia Narancha, which grows in North Africa, is used.

Veneering is subject not only to flat flat surfaces, but with some restrictions and relief.

Sometimes, a buyer inexperienced in the subtleties, under the guise of veneer, is offered a skillful imitation with a polymer coating. In other cases, with the intent or ignorance of the seller himself, the veneer is given out as a more expensive one. In addition to furniture, veneering is very widely used in the production of doors.

In the furniture business, such material as natural veneer is widely used. What it is? This is a wood material, one of the types of wood sheets. But what is the specificity of the veneer?

The specificity of these sheets of wood is that they are cut into as thin a layer as possible. The word "veneer" itself comes from the German word "spene" - chips, and indeed, the thickness of the veneer sheets resembles thin chips. The thickness of the veneer is from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

How is veneer produced? There are three main ways. The first, oldest method is to use special machines, which are called peeling machines and are designed for the production of veneer. The second and third methods are planing and sawing, newer methods that came into use in industry already in the twentieth century.

What is veneer used for? In the furniture and building materials industry, its main use is as a coating glued on another material in order to give it the appearance of natural wood. Also, veneer is a semi-finished product for the manufacture of plywood and bakelite plywood (delta wood). In other industries, veneer is used to make matches, musical instruments, parts for finishing car interiors.

What veneer is called natural? This kind of it, like natural veneer - what is it? Natural is such an veneer that has not been processed with dyes or preparations to imitate more valuable wood species. This veneer is used as it left the machine. Other types of veneer can be additionally stained, both in clearly "synthetic" colors, and in the colors of wood of a different species; there are also technologies such as shaping and pressing soft woods to mimic the properties of harder woods; such veneer also cannot be considered natural.

What types of wood are used to produce natural veneer? As a rule, these are hardwoods: oak, cherry, larch, walnut, ash. Natural softwood veneer is also produced, but usually not used in production as it is, but goes for further processing - or for the production of not the most important products, such as matches.

In natural veneer, the wood pattern is especially appreciated, which remains unchanged during production. What does such a pattern depend on? First of all, it depends on the veneer manufacturing technology. The pattern of rotary cut veneer differs from that of sliced veneer, and even within the planing technology there are different techniques that produce different patterns. The three main veneer planing technologies - Italian, French and Swedish - produce different patterns.

The interline interval is a demanded material in the course of facing of furniture and doors. It is made from thin layers of wood. According to the type of production, veneer is peeled, sliced and sawn. In this article, we will talk about what peeled veneer is. GOST, according to which it is produced - No. 99-96 “Pulled veneer. Specifications»

Furniture made of solid wood is an expensive and not affordable furnishing option for everyone. Veneer furniture will be a good analogue, because this material has an external resemblance to wood. In the production of this type of product, a base is used, represented by plywood, MDF or chipboard sheet, covered with veneer, which is glued to the base, imitating natural wood.

Veneer is a thin slice of natural wood, not exceeding 3mm in thickness. It is widely used in the production of modern furniture, musical instruments, it is also used as finishing material when creating fashionable interiors. The popularity of this natural material is due to the optimal combination of price and attractive appearance of finished products. To make it easier to make a choice, we will analyze all the pros and cons that veneer furniture has.

The advantages of the material are as follows:

variety of colors and textures. Various types of wood are used for production: from classic pine to the most expensive varieties;
it is a natural, environmentally friendly material. Veneer - a coating made from natural wood;
ease of processing allows the use of veneered blanks for products of various shapes and configurations;
relatively low cost. Veneer furniture is much cheaper than solid wood products, which makes it more affordable;
excellent appearance - high-quality products have the correct selection of patterns, beautiful texture, which give veneered furniture a beautiful appearance;
practicality, resistance of facades to temperature extremes, high humidity. Facades made of veneer are not subject to cracking, deformation as a result of external factors.

The material also has disadvantages:

veneered coating is afraid of straight sun rays: under their influence, it can change color;
picking up a pattern at the joints can be difficult, because each sheet has its own unique pattern;
capricious in care, excludes the use of chemical cleaners that can damage the surface;
products made from expensive veneer options (oak, ash, beech) are not cheap.

Varieties

Veneered furniture is made from materials of different quality and production method. The price category of furniture depends on the type of veneer. There are the following types of veneer, of natural origin, used for the production of furniture:

shelled;
planed;
sawn.

Natural peeled veneer is the most common and affordable type of veneer, with a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm. Depending on the quality of wood, adherence to production technology, such veneer may not be inferior to planed veneer. It retains the natural texture, unique pattern of wood, has excellent aesthetic qualities.

Sliced veneer is mainly used in furniture production. Valuable wood species are used in its production. It is characterized by the richness and variety of pattern, texture, which is achieved due to the method of production. Wood blanks can be planed in different directions, at different angles, achieving unique, original natural patterns.

Sawn veneer is the first type of material that began to be produced in the 19th century. He is different high quality, is not cheap. Today it is not made on an industrial scale, it is used to create musical instruments, inlays, interior decoration, expensive parquets and individual furniture sets to order.

Modern varieties of veneer, subspecies of natural material, include:

multiveneer;
fan line.

Multiveneer

Multi-veneer is made from natural wood of various species, while not aiming to preserve the natural pattern. This type of material is unlimited in its colors, textures, has a palette of rich wood patterns. On its surface, geometric shapes or any other design pattern can be depicted.

Fine-line is made from inexpensive species of fast-growing trees, through several technological combinations:

peeling and drying;
painting and gluing;
pressing and secondary planing or peeling.

The sequence of the above actions allows you to create a material of the required texture, pattern, structure and color. Fineline often imitates natural veneer of expensive woods. This type less durable, has increased fragility, porosity.

Distinguish between artificial veneer, which is a film of plastic (PVC) with an imitation of a wood pattern. Modern version artificial veneer for furniture - eco-veneer. This material is made from multilayer polypropylene.

Color spectrum

The color of natural veneer depends on the type of wood: light pine, ash, wenge, cherry, oak velvet or bleached. Each manufacturer has its own palette. But if the material is natural, then each product will have its own unique shade with an individual wood pattern.

Multi-veneer, fine-line, and eco-veneer provide the consumer with a wide choice of colors, textures and patterns, limited only by the imagination of designers. The difference between these materials and natural veneer is that they guarantee a stable color and texture, and changes in the shades of the material occur strictly at the request of the customer, and not at the whim of nature.

Differences between artificial and natural material

What is the difference between fine-line veneer, multi-veneer, eco-veneer and natural planed wood? The main differences between artificial and natural veneer:

all sheets of artificial material of a particular article will have an exact match in color, texture, picture. This makes it possible to make products ideal in color, without inclusions, knots, with a complete match of wood patterns. Artificial veneer sheets are interchangeable, so such products can be easily repaired or supplemented with other furniture, while the color match will be perfect;
when veneering furniture with natural material, additional steps are required to select a pattern and color. Each product will be individually in texture and color, there may be a mismatch in shades of the same veneer article;
furniture made of natural veneer looks great, such products visually, practically, do not differ from furniture made from natural wood;
natural veneer has durability, high wear resistance;
modern artificial analogue - eco-veneer, it is much cheaper than natural veneer, it is based on polypropylene, which is more environmentally friendly, unlike PVC, does not emit harmful formaldehydes, phenols;
eco-veneer is resistant to various chemical cleaners, which greatly facilitates the care of such veneer furniture.

When choosing veneered furniture, the following main criteria are important:

price;
environmental friendliness;
durability and wear resistance;
aesthetic qualities;
maintainability.

An important point is the design of the room. Modern artificial materials perfect for the implementation of bold design projects, providing a limitless range of shades, textures, patterns. natural material great for classic designs rooms, combining the beauty of natural wood and the environmental friendliness of natural materials.

Natural materials require careful care without the use of aggressive chemicals.

It is enough to wipe such surfaces with a cotton rag using a soapy solution. Artificial analogues are not so capricious in care. But it is necessary to use cleaning products without abrasives, alkalis, solvents.

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Representing the thinnest (less than 3 mm) sheets of wood. Veneer - translated from German language like chips ( Spane m pl). In the manufacture of furniture and doors, veneer is thin wood plates that are glued to a surface made of another material, such as MDF.

In addition, natural veneer coating has been widely used in the field of car tuning, and specifically, when finishing interior parts.

Notes

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See what "Veneer (material)" is in other dictionaries:

Wood material in the form of thin sheets of wood obtained on special machines by peeling short logs (peeled veneer), planing bars (sliced veneer) or sawing (sawn veneer). Rotary cut veneer (thickness 0.35 4 mm) is obtained almost ... ... Encyclopedia of technology

A; m.; veneer, s; and. [from him. Span sliver] Spec. 1. A thin sheet of wood obtained by cutting a layer of wood from a rotating segment of a hardwood tree trunk (used for making plywood, veneering, etc.). Oak veneer. 2. In ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Veneer- - a thin sheet of wood. [GOST 15812 87] Heading of the term: Veneer Terms of the heading: Veneer Tapeless rib gluing of veneer Insert from veneer Length of veneer (laminated glued wood) …

Veneer: Veneer is a wood material used in the manufacture of furniture Veneer is a typographic blank material used in letterpress printing ... Wikipedia

A metal bar inserted between individual strips of a printing set so that there is a necessary gap between the lines. Complete dictionary foreign words that have come into use in Russian. Popov M., 1907. Veneer German. ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Veneer with an adhesive layer- - veneer, on the face of which glue is applied. [GOST 15812 87] Topic of the term: Veneer Topics of the encyclopedia: Abrasive equipment, Abrasives, Highways, Automotive equipment ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

Veneer flaw- - veneer of undetermined size and shape, obtained at the beginning of peeling when rounding a plywood block or at the beginning of planing a beam or vanches. [GOST 15812 87] Term heading: Veneer Encyclopedia headings: Abrasive equipment, Abrasives, ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

Building material- - material intended for the manufacture of building objects. [GOST R 54257 2010] Building material - material intended for the creation of building structures of buildings and structures, as well as the manufacture of building ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

Veneer - – facing material in the form of thin sheets of wood, obtained by planing bars of valuable species (planed), or peeling short steamed logs of birch, alder, pine on veneer machines (peeled). Rotary cut veneer is used ... ... Builder's Dictionary

Wood veneer- - is a thin (thickness from 0.55 to 1.5 mm) sheets of wood obtained by peeling or planing pre-barked and steamed blanks. It is in veneer that the features of wood as a decorative one are fully manifested ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials