Youth Personnel Center. Abstract of directly educational activities in the older age group on the topic "Introduction to the craft of a weaver What does a weaver do
ancient craft
The craft of the weaver originated approximately 20-30 thousand years ago BC. The first fabrics appeared around the time when people learned to make fire and build shelters on their own. In prehistoric times, weaving technology was quite primitive: strips of leather, grass or reed were intertwined. The creation of a canvas by interweaving longitudinal and transverse threads is practiced to this day.
The first mechanical loom appeared only in 1786. It was with the advent of this invention that weavers had the opportunity to serve several machines at the same time. This greatly simplifies and speeds up the fabrication process. The advent of automatic machine tools increased labor productivity even more significantly.
The result of the work of weavers is household and technical fabrics of all kinds. The weaver changes the shuttles, adjusts the tension of the threads, eliminates the causes of problems and removes the finished fabric. Also, the weaver independently prepares serviced machines for work, processes finished products, cleaning them from threads, collects and delivers waste. The main task of the weaver is to prevent machine downtime, to eliminate thread breaks as quickly as possible, to try to avoid marriage and eliminate it as soon as possible. Health restrictions
High demands are placed on representatives of this profession. The weaver must have physical endurance, good reaction and dexterity of the fingers. Also in this work a good eye, observation and attentiveness are important.
The weaver has to carefully listen to the work of the machines - he must be able to recognize faults by sound. In addition, it is necessary to be able to determine the quality of fabric and threads by touch.
However, the work of weavers is not only physical. They also have to independently determine the route along which the machines are bypassed. In order to determine this route, it is necessary to take into account the quality of the threads, the mode of operation of each machine, and the air temperature in the workshop.
The profession of a weaver has a number of medical contraindications. This work is not recommended for those suffering from cardiovascular diseases, people with pathologies of the respiratory system, those who suffer from disorders of the central nervous system and psyche, as well as allergy sufferers and people with visual and hearing impairments. Physics and chemistry
You can learn the weaver's craft at a vocational school. The term of training in the profession is usually 2-3 years.
To work as a weaver, you must have knowledge of physics and organic chemistry. You need to know the basic qualities of various fibers, fabrics, understand the structure of fabrics and the design of looms. The weaver must be able to distinguish between types, colors and numbers of raw materials, be able to identify defects in fabrics and malfunctions in equipment. Women's profession
The weavers are mostly women. The average salary of a weaver in Russia is low: it is about 5,000–7,000 rubles. The salary of an assistant foreman, for example, often amounts to about 1,000 rubles per month. In the capital, salaries are much higher than in the periphery.
The weaver starts his work at the factory as an assistant and has the opportunity to grow up to the position of a foreman.
Natalia Leshchinskaya
Abstract directly educational activities in senior age group on the topic "Introduction to the weaver's craft"
Synopsis of directly educational activities
V senior age group on the topic:
« Acquaintance with the craft of weaving»
Target: educate love and respect for folk traditions, the origins of Russian culture.
Tasks:
Educational:
To generalize and systematize the knowledge of children about the objects and utensils of the Russian hut;
Deepen understanding of the need to preserve folk traditions;
Master the skills of weaving 2 threads, create a pattern following the sequence;
Enrich and activate children's vocabulary with the help of words: weaver, weaver, loom, weaves, potter, potter's wheel ...
Exercise in coherent speech, the exact use of words.
Educational:
Develop children's speech creativity by creating words by word WEAVER;
Develop memory, attention, thinking;
Develop fine motor skills hands
Educational:
To cultivate love and respect for folk traditions, the origins of Russian culture, through folk crafts;
To cultivate respect for the work of other people;
Cultivate meticulousness diligence.
preliminary work: acquaintance with the craft of potter, inventing with children diagram cards characterizing the work of a potter, working with clay on a potter's wheel, clay modeling (roly-poly, snowman, cup and saucer, bird) and coloring of the received products.
Hello, dear guests, show yourself, look at me.
I hasten to tell you - hello!
To wish good health.
I hasten to tell you - goodness!
To wish you a new happiness.
I hasten to tell you joy!
Good luck, success and luck!
To wish everyone
The most beautiful mood.
Let's say hello to each other and wish you good health with the game "Hello".
Guys, you came to visit me, in my hut.
Tell me, what is the name of the room in which I meet you? (room)
That's right, it's a mountain. The most beautiful and elegant room. Let's take a look at the decoration and objects that are in the upper room together. (stove, ... chest)
Guys, tell me why antiquity used chests? (answers)
Yes, in chests antiquity stored things and objects, as we now store all this in cabinets. And in my chest riddles were hidden from you, and riddles are in the upper room.
First riddle: On toptal was,
Was on the circle
Was on fire
came home -
He fed his family. (clay pot)
Tell me, who makes pottery? (potter)
The potter appears on the multimedia screen. (audio recording)“Yes, you guys are right. It's me, a potter making clay (ceramic) dishes. And you came to visit me, to my workshop, where I showed you and told you how difficult and interesting it is to work with clay and what beautiful products are obtained."
Guys, please show and tell me how the potter works with clay. What for what and what actions it performs. And the master potter will test you. (presentation)
Tell me, what does the potter do first? (First the potter takes the clay.) Let's check if it's correct or not.
Okay, so what does the potter do then? (Then the potter tramples the clay to make it soft and plastic.) Let's check.
What then does the potter do? (After that, the clay potter makes lumps) Let's check.
What does the potter do with these lumps? (The potter puts the lumps on the potter's wheel and sculpts a pot or other product. Be sure to wet his hands during work so that they glide better on the clay.) Let's check whether it is correct or not.
The potter made a pot, what does he do with it next? (Then the potter dries the pot.) Let's check.
After the pot has dried, what does the potter do? (The potter puts the pot in the oven to burn it.) Let's check the correctness.
Here the potter burned the pot, what does he do next? (Then the pot can be painted and you can cook in it.) Let's check.
Potter: (audio recording)“Well done guys, they were attentive and did everything right. Well, it's time for me to get back to work. Goodbye"
Guys, there are more puzzles in my chest, listen carefully.
1. What kind of simpleton is this
Lie down at the door on the barrel,
On the road on the doorstep
Stops legs? (mat)
2. The track says -
Two embroidered ends:
- Wash at least a little, wash the ink off your face!
Otherwise you are at noon
Dirty me. (towel)
Guys, who do you think makes towels and rugs?)
This towel was woven weaver. Today we get acquainted with the profession of a weaver. Let's sit side by side and have a good conversation. Presentation…
I invite you to weaving factory. * There are looms in a large, bright room. Works on looms weaver. * Job weavers are not simple. On a weaving loom weaver making cloth. * The fabric is bright, multi-colored. Helps weaver at shuttle work. * On loom weaver pulling threads. * The shuttle runs between them and pulls the thread. See how (video) So painstakingly, row after row weaver does its job. Weaving fabric. Clothes, towels, and much more are sewn from fabric. * The fabric from the weaving factory goes to the store and to the garment factory.
Guys, I suggest you try to weave yourself, how weaver. And I invite you to the weaving room.
Before you is cardboard - the machines are already stretched with a thread. Look carefully, I'll show you how the thread will run between the threads, and then try it yourself.
We take the thread by one end and carefully thread it between the threads. Alternately, our thread ran over the thread, fell under the thread, again above the thread and under the thread.
Now let's try to weave with me. Take the thread by the end with your right hand. Our thread will run between the threads from right to left. First above the thread, then below the thread. …
smart girls, tried did the job neatly. We will continue to learn how to weave, but now you are probably tired and I suggest you play the game of lace.
Let's get in a circle. Each of you is a thread and our threads will be in pairs, find a pair for yourself. We will weave lace, and the shuttle will help us with this and weaver. And which couple will be the shuttle and weaver, we learn by counting.
Three four five!
Stop sleeping!
The sun has long since risen
It's time for us to go play!
The shuttle runs away from weaver, A the weaver catches up with him, but do not forget that you need to run around each thread.
Ready? Then: one, two, three - run ... (1-2 times)
Well done, well played.
And tell me, please, what professions did we talk about today (potter and weaver)
What new profession are we with you met. (weaver)
A woman of this profession is called weaver And what is the name of the man? (weaver)
What machine does it work on? weaver? (loom)
What weaver does on a loom? (weaving)
What subject helps weaver weave? (shuttle)
Weaver on a loom weaves what? (What weaver weaving on a loom) (cloth, rugs, belts, towels)
You are right, towels were also woven, and guests were served bread and salt on the most beautiful towel.
Guys, I played with you and almost forgot that I baked bread.
Bread and salt was served to the guests, rejoicing that they had come. Takova old tradition of the Russian people.
I suggest you try the bread, but first you need to wash your hands, and then we will sit at the tables and treat ourselves to bread.
Weaver (weaver) - a master in the production of fabrics on a loom. IN modern form it is mostly a female profession. Weavers work on looms, which are both manual and mechanical and automated. On the machines, you can weave carpets, tapestries, linen, ribbons, braid. Each type of product and type of weave requires a specific machine. Modern textile production is based on automated machines. One weaver serves several machines at once: prepares them for work, changes shuttles with yarn, adjusts its tension, and eliminates breaks. When the canvas is ready, remove it from the machine. An experienced weaver can identify a malfunction in the loom by sound, evaluate the quality of the thread by touch and by eye. The working day of such a weaver passes in constant walking between the machines. On the other hand, working with a manual or foot-operated machine requires painstaking work and means sitting in one place for a long time. Such machines are still used for handicraft production. For example, to create carpets self made. For the manufacture of highly artistic, ornamental and plot carpets, vertical and horizontal manual machines. The warp threads are stretched over the frame, weft threads are passed between them. In handicraft production, weavers may adhere to certain traditional patterns or work according to the sketch of the artist, according to their own drawing. Historical background People learned to weave even before the advent of yarn, in the Stone Age, weaving plant fibers, creepers, strips of leather, etc. In ancient Greek and Roman literature, the literature of China, India, Western Asia and Egypt, there is evidence that weaving existed in those time. The oldest known fabric is considered to be linen fabric, made around 6500 BC. e. It was discovered during archaeological excavations near the Turkish village of Chatal Huiyuk. On the first weaving devices, the warp of the fabric was located vertically and tied to the horizontal branches of trees. At the ground, the threads were fixed with stones or pegs. The duck was intertwined with the warp by hand. Already in the 5th millennium BC. e. hand looms were used, which over time became more complicated and improved. In 1733, the Englishman J. Kay invented a loom with a flying shuttle ("shuttle-plane"), which doubled the productivity of weaving. This was the beginning of the industrial revolution in the textile industry. Home spinning gave way to factory spinning. In 1786, the English priest E. Cartwright invented a fully mechanized loom, in which he combined all the basic operations of hand weaving. With its appearance, weavers began to serve several machines at the same time. In 1789, he began to use a steam engine in his factory of 20 machine tools. Today, automatic machines work in the textile industry. It is necessary to have skills in working on machine tools, to know the design of machine tools, the properties of the fibers used, the resulting fabrics, and to be able to eliminate minor breakdowns in the process. To work as a weaver in a factory, it is enough to have an initial vocational education (VET), which can be obtained in vocational school. The next stage of education - secondary vocational (SVE) - allows you to get the specialty "Technology of textile products" (qualification "Technician"). You can learn it in a college or technical school.
Alyonkina Olga Arnoldovna, Volzhsky, Volgograd region
WEAVER
Fingers fly like birds -
The stream flows calico.
Fingers fly like bees -
The stream flows like silk.
Dictionary:
Weaver- a worker engaged in the manufacture of various fabrics on a loom.
Weaving- fabrication on a loom.
Fiber - yarn highest quality, cleanly scuffed and combed twice.
Historical reference
Spinning and weaving has been the traditional occupation of the female population since ancient times. Each peasant family had a spinning wheel and a loom, on which women made homespun cloth. Clothes, sheets, towels and other things were sewn from fabric.
In addition to simple canvas, women made patterned fabrics. At the same time, the weaving technique became more complicated. The material for weaving was yarn, which was obtained from flax and hemp, as well as from sheep's wool and goat's down. The yarn was often dyed at home in different colors, and then patterned fabrics turned out to be especially elegant.
The canvases woven, mainly during the winter season, were “whitened” (bleached) with the onset of a warm spring. For this purpose, they were first steamed in homemade wood ash lye, then spread on the grass in sunny weather. Then the canvases were soaked in river water and spread on the grass of a wet meadow. Under the hot rays of the sun, after about a month, the severity of the canvases disappeared, and they became white and soft.
Along with weaving at home, small enterprises began to emerge and successfully develop - workshops and factories for the production of simple linen, woven items and other household items. For example, in 1703 a rope factory was already operating in Voronezh, and a shawl factory by the landowner Vera Andreevna Eliseeva had been operating in the Nizhnedevitsky district since 1800. With her shawls, she became famous throughout Russia and abroad. Carpet factories, as well as gold embroidery, embroidery and lace workshops developed. Spinning and weaving schools were opened in a number of counties.
How threads are spun and fabrics are woven
M. Konstantinovsky, N. Smirnova
How many different things from fabrics in the world! And the fabrics themselves are so different: smooth and fluffy, light and heavy, warm and cool, dense and sparse... And all of them are called by the same name - fabrics.
sackcloth
Look at different fabrics through a magnified glass: the threads are intertwined everywhere! Now it is clear why the threads of fabrics hold each other so tightly. Who twisted them? Loom - that's who! Longitudinal threads, that is, those that are stretched along the loom, all the time jump up and down. The threads themselves do not jump, but the lattice makes them rise and fall. And across, into the gaps between the longitudinal threads, shuttles fly back and forth. Each shuttle pulls a transverse thread behind it (it is unwound from a spool hidden inside the shuttle).
Shuttle winds the transverse thread as it moves back and forth into the gap between the longitudinal threads
The shuttle is forced to move "bits" who hit him from the right, then from the left, like rackets on a shuttlecock when playing badminton
The shuttle flew back and again dragged the thread and the gap between the threads. And so it turns out weave
The fabric is woven from threads, but where do the threads come from? You can try it yourself, taking a piece of cotton wool, twist it with your fingers to form a thread. It turns out not very even, but real cotton. After all, cotton wool is cotton, only peeled. The fibers of cotton are fleecy, and when you squeeze them with your fingers and twist them, they cling to their fibers - that's the thread.
In the old days, the thread was also twisted with fingers and wound on a spindle. And now the threads are spun, that is, twisted, by huge spinning machines. Not only cotton threads, but also woolen and linen.
spinning machine
Cotton loves warmth and grows in the south. As the cotton ripens, the boxes burst, and in each - like a piece of cotton wool! Then they let the cotton harvester into the field. The cotton will be picked and laid out in the sun to dry. Then they are tied into bales and taken to the spinning mill. There it is loosened, cleaned of seeds, combed and spun from cotton fibers into cotton threads.
cotton field
Linen heat does not tolerate and grows in the north. How beautiful flowering flax is - the whole field is in blue flowers. Like the sea! Flax fades, seeds ripen on it - here it is cut, laid out on the ground and waiting for the microbes living on the ground to eat the glue with which the flax fibers are firmly glued together. Only after that it will be possible to comb the flax - to split its stems into separate fibers. Linen threads will be spun from these fibers.
Sheaves of flax
Wool obtained from sheep and spun from its thread. The sheep hairdresser will never ask: “What hairstyle do you want?” All sheep are sheared in one style - naked! Sheared sheep - and again graze in the meadow, grow new wool - until the next haircut. The wool is sent to the spinning mill.
flock of sheep
Silk obtained from the web. People do not need to spin silk thread - it is spun by a caterpillar of a butterfly, which is called a silkworm. Why a silkworm is understandable, but why a mulberry? Because the silkworm caterpillar eats only the leaves of the mulberry tree and does not recognize any other food. Before turning into a chrysalis, the caterpillar releases a thin thread and entangles itself with it from head to toe. It turns out a silk cocoon. And people are right there: they unwind a cocoon (yes, not one, but millions), rewind the thread onto spools and take it to a weaving factory.
silkworm butterfly
silkworm cocoon
Synthetics- threads for synthetic fabrics also do not need to be spun. At a chemical plant, chemists make plastic from oil or gas - for example, nylon. Nylon is heated to become soft, and squeezed out through a tiny hole - a nylon thread is obtained. Such a thread is several times thinner than a cobweb!
And the glass thread is drawn directly from the molten glass. Fiberglass is woven from glass threads. Such a fabric is impregnated with a special synthetic resin, it hardens - fiberglass is obtained. The strongest material! I can’t even believe that it is made of soft fabric, and soft fabric is made of fragile glass!
Lots of different fabrics in the world. For example, a “stone” thread is spun for it from fibers that are obtained from asbestos fibrous stone. Asbestos fabric does not burn in the hottest fire!
There is a fabric that can be heated electric shock- clothes for polar explorers are sewn from it ...
Road to happiness
We perceive life differently
Like a field of colorful patches.
Patch of pain, happiness and good luck ...
Diversity - the whole world is like that.
He, like a weaver, flies into a blanket
On a string the story of fate.
And each of us life is not enough,
To find out the results of divination.
Life cannot be lived in the same range,
It has a hundred shades of bright, a hundred roads.
The soul trembles with a bright chime
And it goes out, fades from anxiety.
We grow up in different ways
We meet wonderful people
And become loyal friends.
Our whole life is one road to happiness:
Thorny, colorful, not easy.
And God give us patience and participation,
And a bright shred for life!
Excerpts from Literary Works on Weaving and Fabrics
... She put him to bed, and she threw off her frog skin, turned into a red maiden and began to weave a carpet. Where it pricks with a needle once - the flower will bloom, where it pricks another time - cunning patterns go, where it pricks the third - birds fly ...
Russian folk tale "The Frog Princess"
"If I were a queen, -
Her sister says,
That would be one for the whole world
I wove canvases.
And Pushkin. "The Tale of King Satan and the Beautiful Swan Princess"
... The old mouse hired four spider-weavers, and they sat day and night in a mouse hole and wove canvases, prepared a dowry.
And a fat blind mole came to visit every evening and chatted that soon the summer would end, the sun would stop scorching the earth, and it would again become soft and loose. That's when they will play a wedding ...
G.-H. Andersen. "Thumbelina"
... In the capital of this king, life was very fun. Foreign guests came almost every day, and then one day two deceivers appeared. They pretended to be weavers and said that they could weave such a wonderful fabric, better than which nothing could be imagined: except for unusual beautiful drawing and the colors are distinguished by another amazing property - it becomes invisible to any person who is out of place or impassibly stupid.
G.-H. Andersen. "The King's New Dress"
... The hostess had three daughters. The older daughters only knew that they were sitting at the gate, looking out into the street, and the youngest worked for them: she sewed them, spun and wove for them - and never heard a kind word ...
…And so it came true. Khavroshechka fits into one ear of the cow, crawls out of the other - everything is ready: it is woven, and whitewashed, and rolled into pipes ...
Russian folk tale "Kroshechka-Havroshechka"
... The poor girl had to sit every day in the street by the well and spin yarn, so much so that her fingers bled from work.
And then it happened one day that the whole spindle was filled with blood. Then the girl bent down to the well to wash it, but the spindle jumped out of her hands and fell into the water. She ran to her stepmother and told her about her grief.
The stepmother began to scold her and said:
- Since you dropped the spindle, then manage to get it back.
... I jumped into the well for the spindle and ended up in the house of Mrs. ....
Brothers Grimm. "Mistress Metelitsa"
... Long winter evenings have come. The Tanya sisters put flax on combs and began to spin threads from it. “Those are threads,” Tanya thinks, “but where are the shirts?”
Winter, spring and summer have passed - autumn has come. Mother installed a cross in the hut, pulled the warp over them and began to weave. A shuttle ran nimbly between the threads, and then Tanya herself saw that a canvas was coming out of the threads.
When the canvas was ready, they began to freeze it in the cold, spread it over the snow.
And in the spring they spread it on the grass, in the sun, and sprinkled it with water. The canvas turned from gray to white.
K. Ushinsky. "How the shirt grew in the field"
Proverbs and sayings
At the lazy spinner
No shirt for myself.
Labor feeds and clothes.
Patter
The weaver weaves fabric on Tanya's dress.
Puzzles
Lightweight, not fluffy
Soft, not fur
White, not snow
But dress everyone.
(Cotton)
heated, dried,
They pounded, they tore,
Twisted, weaved,
They put it on the table.
(Linen)
Stretched out in winter
And turned around in the summer.
(Scarf)
He takes off his fur coat twice a year.
Who walks under a fur coat?
(Sheep)
thread
45123
Questions for self-examination
1. Who is the silkworm? What is he famous for?
2. How did people spin wool by hand?
3. What is the meaning of the proverb “Labor feeds and clothes”?
LITERATURE
Alyonkina, O.A. Occupational and labor socialization of youth / O.A. Alyonkina, T.V. Chernikov. – M.: Globus, 2009.
Alyonkina, O.A. Profile training in a correctional school // Modernization of management educational institution/ O.A. Alyonkina [i dr.]; ed. V.V. Serikova, T.V. Chernikova. – M.: APK i PPRO, 2004. – S. 73–79.
Bulycheva, N.A. Features of the professional choice of graduates of correction classes / N.A. Bulycheva // Correctional Pedagogy. - 2004. - No. 2 (4).
Gerasimova V.A., Cool hour playfully. Issue 2. - M .: TC Sphere, 2004. - 64 p.
Proverbs, sayings, riddles of the peoples of Russia / comp. M.P. Filipchenko. - Rostov n / D: Phoenix, 2011. - 378 p. - (Wisdom of millennia).
Chernikova, T.V. Vocational guidance support for high school students / T.V. Chernikov. – M.: Globus, 2006.
Chistyakova, S.N. Professional orientation of schoolchildren: organization and management / S.N. Chistyakova, N.N. Zakharov. - M .: Pedagogy, 1987.
What's happened. Who is: children's encyclopedia. In 3 vols. T. 1. A-F / comp. V.S. Shergin, A. I. Yuriev. 5th ed., revised. and additional - M.: AST, 2007. C - 519
What's happened. Who is: children's encyclopedia. In 3 vols. T. 2. Z - O / comp. V.S. Shergin, A. I. Yuriev. 5th ed., revised. and additional - M.: AST, 2007. C - 503.
What's happened. Who is: children's encyclopedia. In 3 vols. T. 3. P - I / comp. V.S. Shergin, A. I. Yuriev. 5th ed., revised. and additional - M.: AST, 2007. C - 519
Shalaeva G.P., Big Book of Professions / G.P. Shalaev. – M.: AST: WORD: Polygraphizdat, 2010. – 240p.
I know the world: Children's Encyclopedia: Inventions. - M .: LLC Firm "Publishing House AST"; 1999.
I know the world: Children's Encyclopedia: History. - M .: LLC Firm "Publishing House AST"; 1997.
I know the world: Children's Encyclopedia: Animals. - M .: LLC Firm "Publishing House AST"; 1997.
1000 riddles. For children 3-6 years old. - M.: CJSC "OLMA Media Group", 2011. - 240p. – Series “The program for the development and education of a preschooler
Drawings: Abutkina N.Yu., Alyonkina O.A., Alyonkina O.M.
Weavers work on looms, which are both manual and mechanical and automated. On the machines, you can weave carpets, tapestries, linen, ribbons, braid. Each type of product and type of weave requires a specific machine.
Modern textile production is based on automated machines. One weaver serves several machines at once: prepares them for work, changes shuttles with yarn, adjusts its tension, and eliminates breaks. When the canvas is ready, remove it from the machine.
An experienced weaver can identify a malfunction in the loom by sound, evaluate the quality of the thread by touch and by eye. The working day of such a weaver passes in constant walking between the machines.
On the other hand, working with a manual or foot-operated machine requires painstaking work and means sitting in one place for a long time.
Such machines are still used for handicraft production. For example, to create handmade carpets. For the manufacture of highly artistic, ornamental and plot carpets, vertical and horizontal manual looms are used. The warp threads are stretched over the frame, weft threads are passed between them.
In handicraft production, weavers may adhere to certain traditional patterns or work according to the sketch of the artist, according to their own drawing.
Historical reference
People learned to weave even before the advent of yarn, in the Stone Age, interlacing plant fibers, creepers, strips of leather, etc. In ancient Greek and Roman literature, the literature of China, India, Asia Minor and Egypt, there is evidence that weaving existed at that time.
The oldest known fabric is considered to be linen fabric, made around 6500 BC. e. It was discovered during archaeological excavations near the Turkish village of Chatal Huiyuk.
On the first weaving devices, the warp of the fabric was located vertically and tied to the horizontal branches of trees. At the ground, the threads were fixed with stones or pegs. The duck was intertwined with the warp by hand.
Already in the 5th millennium BC. e. hand looms were used, which over time became more complicated and improved.
In 1733, the Englishman J. Kay invented a loom with a flying shuttle ("shuttle-plane"), which doubled the productivity of weaving. This was the beginning of the industrial revolution in the textile industry. Home spinning gave way to factory spinning.
In 1786, the English priest E. Cartwright invented a fully mechanized loom, in which he combined all the basic operations of hand weaving. With its appearance, weavers began to serve several machines at the same time. In 1789, he began to use a steam engine in his factory of 20 machine tools.
Today, automatic machines work in the textile industry.
|
|||||||||||
Workplace
Weavers serving automated machines work in textile factories. Masters of hand weaving work individually or in small workshops for the production of tapestries, carpets, etc.
Important qualities
A weaver needs good eyesight, an eye, dexterity of fingers. When working with automated machines, you need good hearing, because. the sound can determine the nature of the machine. Requires physical endurance.
Health. The weaving shop is a very noisy place. This can be bad for your hearing.
Diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, allergies, hearing and vision problems are a contraindication for such work.
Salary
Salary as of 04.06.2019
Russia 15000—45000 ₽
Moscow 25000—40000 ₽
Knowledge and skills
It is necessary to have skills in working on machine tools, to know the design of machine tools, the properties of the fibers used, the resulting fabrics, and to be able to eliminate minor breakdowns in the process.
Where do they teach
To work as a weaver in a factory, it is enough to have an initial vocational education (VET), which can be obtained at a vocational school.
The next stage of education - secondary vocational (SVE) - allows you to get the specialty "Technology of textile products" (qualification "Technician"). You can learn it in a college or technical school.
