The smallest monkey in the world. Types of monkeys. Description, names and features of monkey species. attitude towards loneliness
Among the smallest monkeys there are record-breaking primates, which are considered the smallest monkeys on Earth. We will find out what they are called, where they live, what kind of life they lead and whether they live in captivity.
The smallest breeds of monkeys
Among the many breeds of monkeys, the smallest can be distinguished. These are marmosets. They are among the smallest primates on our planet. Their habitat is Latin America. An adult individual weighs no more than one hundred grams with a body length of up to twenty-three centimeters. The length of the tail always exceeds the length of the body and can reach thirty centimeters. The smallest of the marmosets, smaller than a human thumb, is the Swiss Lilliput marmoset.The small ones include dwarf marmosets, whose average weight is about one hundred and twenty grams, and the body length does not exceed fifteen centimeters. These primates are considered the smallest on Earth. Their second name is pocket monkeys.
Relatively small size has a narrow-nosed monkey. Body size is largely determined by the subspecies. So, the smallest among them are dwarf monkeys talapoin. The body length of an adult is thirty-five centimeters. The tail is about the same length. The weight of the pygmy monkey is about one kilogram three hundred grams. They live in the swampy forests of Gabon, are excellent swimmers and can see underwater.
Talapoyns live in large groups of up to a hundred individuals, gathering in the evenings on trees near the water. During the day, they scatter in search of food in small groups. Each large group has several mature males and many females with offspring. These monkeys are omnivores. They eat fruits, small vertebrates, bird eggs, and aquatic plants. Sometimes they are kept at home. It is impossible to allow free movement around the apartment of the talapoin. He must live in a spacious and very strong cage. These monkeys love to break everything and see what's inside. Talapoynov needs to be walked.
Where do little monkeys live?
Little monkeys, like larger representatives of primates, mainly live in the subtropics and tropics. There are many of them in South and Central America, Africa, in the southern parts of Asia. This is where they can feed freely. It is not uncommon for monkeys to stay in the jungle throughout the year. 
So marmosets live mainly in the upper reaches of the Amazon. They can also be found on the border of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. They live in the jungle, practically never descending from the trees. Marmosets live in Latin America. They were first discovered in Western Brazil in 1823. The habitat of talapoins is the forests of Gabon.
Pygmy marmosets are the smallest monkeys in the world
There is a monkey the size of a palm - this is a pygmy marmoset. In size, it can be compared with a small kitten. The animal is very agile. Marmosets move through the jungle, jumping from branch to branch. The body of a primate, excluding the tail, is from ten to fifteen centimeters. The tail itself often exceeds the length of the entire body. An individual can weigh from one hundred to one hundred and fifty grams. The animal has thick, long fur, brown above, white or yellow below. They live in the west of Brazil, in the upper reaches of the Amazon, in Ecuador and in the north of Peru. 
Marmosets usually live in the jungle, spending almost their entire lives in trees, at night they are in hollows. The legs of the animal are so well developed that they are able to jump up to two meters. Thanks to sharp claws, marmosets can move along vertical branches.
Monkeys get their food by means of sharp incisor teeth. Their main delicacy is tree sap. To get it, monkeys gnaw through tree bark. They also indulge in fruits, eat spiders, insects and small birds. They are content with fresh water, which they find in flowers and on the leaves and shoots of plants. Due to their small size and low weight, these animals are able to get food from thin branches, where larger and heavier inhabitants of the jungle cannot reach.
Pygmy monkeys live in groups where there is a male, female and offspring. Often there are four generations in a group at once. Usually the female gives birth to two cubs, each weighing about fifteen grams. It seems that the marmosets chirp something to each other without stopping. These are sociable animals. From time to time they whistle, and if they want to signal danger, they start screaming loudly. The total number of these dwarf primates in nature cannot be calculated, which is due both to their mobility and to their camouflage coloration. Definitely true is the statement that they are not on the verge of extinction. It is known that their average life expectancy is ten years.
We can say that the marmoset looks like a cat, a bird and a person at the same time. These monkeys are also kept in captivity. It is important to provide them with a constant temperature within twenty-five to twenty-nine degrees with a humidity of more than sixty percent. They are placed in an aviary with decorative elements and shelters.
By the way, monkeys are considered dangerous. They even make the list of the most dangerous animals in the world..
Subscribe to our channel in Yandex.Zen
Pygmy marmosets are the smallest primates in the world. Only dwarf mouse lemurs stand in the same row with them. The size of an adult pygmy marmoset is from 11 to 15 cm, not counting the length of the tail, which is 17-22 cm.
The pygmy marmoset weighs from 100 to 150 grams. Let's find out more about these little ones.
2
The pygmy marmoset (Pygmy marmoset: Callithrix (Cebuella) pygmaea Spix, 1823) is found in South America in the Upper Amazon at the base of the Andes in Colombia, eastern Ecuador, Peru, northern Bolivia, and western Brazil.
Dwarf marmosets have a patchy distribution in mature and secondary lowland rainforest, flooded during the rainy season and located along the banks of rivers and forest streams. They are rarely found in trees taller than 18 m or on the ground. Sometimes they live on the edge of agricultural fields. Secondary forest habitats of marmosets are populated if there is suitable food available.
Pygmy marmosets are the smallest marmosets and one of the smallest primate species (the smallest primate is the miniature mouse lemur). Their body is covered with fine, soft and dense fur. The hair on the head of pygmy marmosets is longer than the hair on the body, giving the appearance of a mane. The long tail of pygmy marmosets is not grasping. Their forelimbs are shorter than their hind limbs. Pygmy marmosets have claws on all of their toes except for the big toe, which has a flat nail. Males and females look almost the same; with the exception of the genitals, there are no other secondary sexual characteristics.
The eyes of marmosets are light brown and brown, their color varies slightly. The skull of pygmy marmosets is small, but their brain volume is relatively large. They have only two molars as opposed to three in most other monkeys. There is no indication anywhere of the presence of wisdom teeth in pygmy marmosets, so we can conclude that they are absent. As an adaptation for chewing holes in tree trunks and branches, pygmy marmosets have long, forward-turning incisors that are the same length as their fangs.
The fur on pygmy marmosets is thick, tawny with yellow and green striations, and the underside is usually an orange hue, although it can vary from nearly white to tawny. Tufts of hair that look like a mane are usually dark brown or gray. Their coloration provides great camouflage for their life in the canopy.
Head and body length of pygmy marmosets: 11-15 cm, tail length: 17-22 cm. Weight ranges from 113 to 190 g and averages 124 g.
Dwarf marmosets feed on the sap and gum of trees that are located within their territories. They use their teeth and claws to make holes in tree trunks. The pygmy marmosets then wait for the juice that begins to ooze from the hole they have created. The tree sap they lick is the most important food in their diet, without which they cannot survive in nature.
Pygmy marmosets also eat available animal food such as: spiders, butterflies, grasshoppers, frogs, lizards, snails, a little, while different kinds Grasshoppers are their favorite treat. To catch a grasshopper, pygmy marmosets usually even venture down from the tree down to the ground, although in other situations they rarely do this. They catch dwarf marmosets and butterflies, which flock to the sap secreted from trees, becoming easy prey for marmosets.
In fact, 67 percent of their feeding time is spent feeding on tree sap and gum or preparing new sources of sap. Gum is especially important to pygmy marmosets because their home ranges are so tiny and fruitless that they cannot provide a fruitful diet for a year.
Dwarf marmosets constantly drink fresh water. They find it on shoots or flowers. The most important vitamins needed for dwarf marmosets are A and D3. They get them from the sun or the plants they eat. Calcium is an important mineral for them, which pygmy marmosets get from the gum of trees.
The diet of pygmy marmosets in zoos consists of canned foods, mealworm larvae, grapes, oranges, apples, bananas, peas, cauliflower, and arabic gum syrup. In addition, they are sometimes given boiled eggs, yogurt, meat, fish and rice.
Dwarf marmosets are diurnal and arboreal animals. They are active and agile creatures, running and jumping among the branches of trees and bushes. They are capable of vertical jumps up to 5m.
Dwarf marmosets move through the trees in a vertical position quadripedally. Their forelimbs are shorter than their hind limbs and they often feed by attaching themselves firmly to a trunk or branch with their sharp claws, which are found on all toes except the big toe, which has a flat nail.
Their camouflage camouflage coloration and small size, along with squirrel-like jerky movements, sloth-like "leaking" along tree highways and hiding, all make them one of the most difficult prey for predators.
In nature, when pygmy marmosets are in trees, they are very mobile and sociable. The long, flexible branches of trees allow them to swing and move back and forth across the canopy.
The lower tier of the rainforest, with numerous branches densely intertwined with vines, provides pygmy marmosets with the perfect place to feed, sleep and rest. Therefore, pygmy marmosets prefer to settle in forest plantations with developed undergrowth and the lower layer of the tropical forest, usually avoid forest habitats with thick branches.
Pygmy marmosets do not like to be disturbed too much, so they feel quite uncomfortable in zoos.
Pygmy marmosets are extremely sociable, and often socialize during feeding time. There are many types of communication. One challenge is the open-mouth trill: during which the lips are partly open and the tongue vibrates between them. Another trill is played with the mouth closed and can only be heard when the marmoset is calm and when moving through the forest. Twitter is another challenge that aims to communicate with other marmosets.
In addition to high-pitched whistles and chirps, pygmy marmosets also emit a supersonic call that expresses hostility that is almost inaudible to humans. The main vocal signals of pygmy marmosets include: an open-mouthed trill, which indicates alarm; trill with closed mouth - contact; twitter - humility.
Due to their extremely small body size, pygmy marmosets are pursued by some predatory animals and, especially, climbing tree snakes. But the main predators of dwarf marmosets are birds of prey. In some cases, when a ground or arboreal predator is detected, they demonstrate group behavior (crowd), while the entire group of marmosets slowly move towards the impostor, singing loudly and making attacks in his direction until they force him to retreat; other times, they freeze and hide until the threat has passed.
Their main threat is habitat destruction, despite the fact that they easily adapt to environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, they have been found living in groups of trees at the edge of farm plots. A significant threat to pygmy marmosets is the pet trade.
In nature, life expectancy does not exceed 10 years. The maximum longevity of marmosets in captivity is 18.6 years.
Pygmy marmosets live in groups of 5-12 members, which include a monogamous pair: male and female, and cubs up to four generations. Sometimes there are two males in the group, but one is necessarily dominant in relation to the other and restricts access to the female.
Dwarf marmosets are very territorial, they live in their territories, which usually range from 25 to 100 acres (0.1-0.4 km2) in area. Usually, the territories of different groups of marmosets do not overlap, but are usually isolated. Pygmy marmosets protect their territories using scent glands, vocal (sound) calls, displays, in particular, showing their genitals to opponents.
Olfactory communication is one of the factors in maintaining territorial boundaries. The marmoset rubs secretions from the glands located on the chest and suprapubic region into tree branches, marking its territory.
Seasonality in reproduction is not expressed. The dominant female secretes a hormone that suppresses ovulation in other females. During courtship, male pygmy marmosets present their genitals: they show the anal area towards the sexual partner, raising their tail in such a way as to show the genitals. Only marmosets, when contacting sexual partners, show their genitals to them.
Mating between the dominant male and female often takes place during postpartum estrus, which is observed as early as about three weeks after parturition. The dominant female is the only female in the group that produces offspring. The presence of an adult dominant female usually stops ovulation in other females of the group.
Some scientists believe that the female mates with only one male, i.e. their relationship is unanimous. Other scientists insist that a dominant female may mate with more than one male, suggesting a polyhusband mating system.
Females after 119-140 days of pregnancy, on average 125 days (4.5 months), usually give birth to twins, less often triplets, and although the female can feed them, usually 1, rarely 2 cubs survive in nature. Newborn cubs are naked, blind and weigh only 16 g. Despite this, this is the largest relative weight of the cubs compared to other primates: the weight of the cub is a sixth of that of the female!
Little marmosets are completely helpless and require constant care for the first two weeks, although they need to be nurtured for the first three weeks. After the first 24 hours of being on a female, the young most often move to adult males or other young animals from their family group, and return to their mother only for a short time for feeding and care. This practice alleviates the energy expenditure of the mother, thus allowing her to rest and at the same time provides the practice of motherhood to young immature females.
After about three months, the young become practically independent, but they usually remain with the group for another two subsequent birth cycles. The female can have other babies as early as 5-7 months after the previous litter. Juveniles become sexually mature at 12-18 months, but they begin to take part in breeding usually at the age of two years, when they generally reach adult size.
Monkeys are primates. In addition to the usual ones, there are, for example, half-monkeys. These include lemurs, tupai, short-toed. Among ordinary monkeys, they are reminiscent of tarsiers. They separated in the Middle Eocene.
This is one of the eras of the Paleogene period, began 56 million years ago. Two more orders of monkeys emerged in the late Eocene, about 33 million years ago. We are talking about narrow-nosed and broad-nosed primates.
tarsier monkeys
Tarsiers - species of little monkeys. They are common in southeast Asia. The primates of the genus have short forepaws, and the heel section on all limbs is elongated. In addition, the brain of tarsiers is devoid of convolutions. In other monkeys, they are developed.
Sirichta
Lives in the Philippines, is the smallest of the monkeys. The length of the animal does not exceed 16 centimeters. The primate weighs 160 grams. With these sizes, the Philippine tarsier has huge eyes. They are round, convex, yellow-green and glow in the dark.
Philippine tarsiers are brown or greyish. The fur of the animals is soft, like silk. Tarsiers take care of the coat, combing it with the claws of the second and third fingers. Other claws are deprived.
Bankan tarsier
Lives in the south of the island of Sumatra. The Bankan tarsier is also found in Borneo, in the rain forests of Indonesia. The animal also has large and round eyes. Their iris is brownish. The diameter of each eye is 1.6 centimeters. If we weigh the organs of vision of a Bankan tarsier, their mass will exceed the weight of the brain of a monkey.
The Bankan tarsier has larger and rounder ears than the Philippine tarsier. They are hairless. The rest of the body is covered with golden brown hairs.
tarsier cast
Included in rare species of monkeys, lives on the islands of Big Sangihi and Sulawesi. In addition to the ears, the primate has a bare tail. It is covered with scales, like a rat's. There is a wool brush at the end of the tail.
Like other tarsiers, the cast has acquired long and thin fingers. With them, the primate wraps around the branches of trees, on which it spends most of its life. Monkeys look for insects and lizards among the foliage. Some tarsiers even encroach on birds.
broad-nosed monkeys
As the name implies, the monkeys of the group have a wide nasal septum. Another difference is 36 teeth. Other monkeys have fewer, at least 4.
Broad-nosed monkeys are divided into 3 subfamilies. These are capuchin-shaped, callimico and clawed. The latter have a second name - marmosets.
capuchin monkeys
Otherwise called cebids. All monkeys of the family live in the New World and have a prehensile tail. It seems to replace the fifth limb of primates. Therefore, the animals of the group are also called chaintails.
Crybaby
It lives in the north of South, in particular, in Brazil, Rio Negro and Guiana. Crybaby enters monkey species, listed in the International Red . The name of primates is associated with the lingering sounds they make.
As for the name of the family, Western European monks who wore hoods were called Capuchins. The Italians called the cassock with him "capuchio". Seeing in the New World monkeys with light muzzles and a dark "hood", the Europeans remembered the monks.
Crybaby is a small monkey up to 39 centimeters long. The tail of the animal is 10 centimeters longer. The maximum weight of a primate is 4.5 kilograms. Females are rarely more than 3 kilos. Even in females, fangs are shorter.
favi
Otherwise referred to as brown. Primates of the species inhabit the mountainous regions of South America, in particular, the Andes. Mustard brown, brown or black individuals are found in different areas.
The body length of the favi does not exceed 35 centimeters, the tail is almost 2 times longer. Males are larger than females, gaining almost 5-kilogram weight. Occasionally there are individuals weighing 6.8 kilos.
white-breasted capuchin
The second name is an ordinary capuchin. Like the previous ones, it lives on the lands of South America. White spot on the chest of the primate comes to the shoulders. The muzzle, as befits the capuchins, is also light. The "hood" and "mantle" are brown-black.
The "hood" of the white-breasted capuchin rarely descends on the monkey's forehead. The degree of dark coat furryness depends on the sex and age of the primate. Usually, the older the capuchin, the higher his hood is raised. Females "raise" it even in their youth.
Saki Monk
In other capuchins, the length of the coat is uniform throughout the body. The saki monk has longer hairs on the shoulders and head. Looking at the primates themselves and their photo, types of monkeys you begin to discern. So, the "hood" of saki hangs on the forehead, covers the ears. The fur on the face of a capuchin almost does not contrast in color with the headdress.
Saki-monk gives the impression of a melancholic animal. This is due to the lowered corners of the monkey's mouth. She looks sad and thoughtful.
There are 8 types of capuchins in total. In the New World, these are the most intelligent and easily trained primates. They often feed on tropical fruits, occasionally chewing rhizomes, branches, catching insects.
Marmoset broad-nosed monkeys
Monkeys of the family are miniature and have claw-like nails. The structure of the feet is close to that of the tarsiers. Therefore, species of the genus are considered transitional. Marmosets belong to the higher primates, but among them the most primitive.
wistity
The second name is ordinary. In length, the animal does not exceed 35 centimeters. Females are about 10 centimeters smaller. Reaching maturity, primates acquire long brushes of fur near the ears. The decoration is white, the center of the muzzle is brown, and its perimeter is black.
On the big toes of marmosets - oblong claws. With them, primates grab onto branches, jumping from one to another.
pygmy marmoset
The length does not exceed 15 centimeters. A plus is a 20-centimeter tail. The primate weighs 100-150 grams. Outwardly, the marmoset seems larger, because it is covered with a long and thick coat of brown-golden color. The red hue and mane of hair make the monkey look like a pocket lion. This is an alternative name for a primate.
The pygmy marmoset is found in the tropics of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. With sharp incisors, primates gnaw at the bark of trees, releasing their juices. The monkeys eat them.
black tamarin
Below 900 meters above sea level does not descend. In mountain forests, black tamarins in 78% of cases have a twin. This is how monkeys are born. Fraternal children are brought only in 22% of cases.
From the name of the primate it is clear that it is dark. In length, the monkey does not exceed 23 centimeters, and weighs about 400 grams.
crested tamarin
Otherwise called monkey pinche. On the head of the primate is an erokez-like crest of white, long wool. It grows from forehead to neck. During the unrest, the tuft stands on end. In a good-natured mood, the tamarin is smoothed.
The muzzle of the crested tamarin is bare down to the area behind the ears. The rest of the 20 cm primate is covered with long hair. It is white on the chest and front legs. On the back, sides, hind limbs and tail, the fur is reddish-brown.
piebald tamarin
A rare species, lives in the tropics of Eurasia. Outwardly, the piebald tamarin has a resemblance to the crested one, but there is no that same crest. The animal has a completely bare head. Ears against this background seem large. Emphasized and angular square shape heads.
Behind her, on the chest and front paws - white, long hair. The back, yuoka, hind legs and tail of the tamarin are reddish-brown.
The piebald tamarin is slightly larger than the crested one, weighs about half a kilogram, and reaches a length of 28 centimeters.
All marmosets live 10-15 years. The size and peaceful disposition make it possible to keep representatives of the genus at home.
callimico monkeys
Separated into a separate family recently, before that they belonged to marmosets. DNA tests have shown that callimico is a transitional link. There are many things from capuchins. The genus is represented by a single species.
marmoset
Included in the little-known, rare types of monkeys. Their names and features are only occasionally described in popular science articles. The structure of the teeth and, in general, the skull of a marmoset, like that of a capuchin. The face at the same time looks like the muzzle of a tamarin. The structure of the paws is also marmoset.
The marmoset has thick, dark fur. On the head, it is elongated, forming a kind of cap. To see her in captivity is good luck. Marmosets die outside the natural environment, do not give offspring. As a rule, out of 20 individuals in the best zoos in the world, 5-7 survive. At home, marmosets are healthy even less often.
narrow-nosed monkeys
Among the narrow-nosed there are monkey species in india, Africa, Vietnam, Thailand. Representatives of the genus do not live. Therefore, narrow-nosed primates are commonly called Old World monkeys. They include 7 families.
Monkey
The family includes primates of small to medium size, with approximately the same length of the fore and hind limbs. The first fingers of the hands and feet of monkeys are opposed to the rest of the fingers, like in humans.
Even members of the family have ischial calluses. These are hairless, strained areas of skin under the tail. The muzzles of marmosets are also bare. The rest of the body is covered with hair.
Hussar
Lives south of the Sahara. This is the limit of the range of monkeys. On the eastern borders of the arid, grassy territories of the hussars, their noses are white. Western representatives of the species have black noses. Hence the division of the hussars into 2 subspecies. Both are included in species of red monkeys, because they are colored in orange-scarlet.
Hussars have a slender, long-legged body. The muzzle is also elongated. When the monkey grins, powerful, sharp fangs are visible. The long tail of a primate is equal to the length of its body. The mass of the animal reaches 12.5 kilograms.
green monkey
Representatives of the species are common in the west. From there, monkeys were brought to the West Indies and the Caribbean. Here, primates merge with the greenery of the tropical forests, possessing wool with a swampy sheen. It is distinct on the back, crown, tail.
Like other monkeys, green ones have cheek pouches. They resemble those of hamsters. Macaques carry food supplies in their cheek pouches.
Javanese macaque
Otherwise called a crabeater. The name is associated with the macaque's favorite food. His fur, like that of a green monkey, casts grassy. Against this background, expressive, brown eyes stand out.
The length of the Javanese macaque reaches 65 centimeters. The monkey weighs about 4 kilograms. The females of the species are about 20% smaller than the males.
Japanese macaque
Lives on Yakushima Island. There is a harsh climate, but there are hot, thermal springs. Near them the snow melts and primates live. They bask in hot waters. The leaders of the packs have the first right to them. The lower "links" of the hierarchy freeze on the shore.
Among the Japanese is larger than others. However, the impression is deceiving. If you cut off the thick, long hair of a steel-gray tone, the primate will be of medium size.
The reproduction of all monkeys is associated with genital skin. It is located in the area of the ischial callus, swells and turns red during ovulation. For males, this is a mating signal.
Gibbon
They are distinguished by elongated forelimbs, bare palms, feet, ears and face. On the rest of the body, the coat, on the contrary, is thick and long. Like macaques, there are ischial calluses, but less pronounced. But gibbons have no tail.
silver gibbon
It is endemic to the island of Java, it does not occur outside of it. The animal is named after the color of its coat. She is gray and silver. The bare skin on the muzzle, hands and feet is black.
Silver of medium size, in length does not exceed 64 centimeters. Females often stretch only 45. The mass of the primate is 5-8 kilograms.
Yellow-cheeked crested gibbon
You cannot tell by the females of the species that they are yellow-cheeked. More precisely, the females are completely orange. On black males, golden cheeks are striking. Interestingly, representatives of the species are born light, then darken together. But during puberty, females, so to speak, return to their roots.
Yellow-cheeked crested gibbons live on the lands of Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos. There primates live in families. This is a feature of all gibbons. They form monogamous couples and live with children.
Eastern hulok
The second name is the singing monkey. She lives in India, China, Bangladesh. Males of the species have bands of white wool above their eyes. On a black background, they look like gray eyebrows.
The average weight of a monkey is 8 kilograms. In length, the primate reaches 80 centimeters. There is also a Western hulok. He is devoid of eyebrows and a little larger, already weighing under 9 kilos.
Siamang
IN species of great apes not included, but among the gibbons is large, gaining 13-kilogram mass. The primate is covered with long, shaggy black hair. It fades to gray near the mouth and on the chin of the monkey.
On the neck of the Siamang is a throat pouch. With its help, the primates of the species amplify the sound. Gibbons have a habit of calling to each other between families. For this, monkeys develop their voice.
pygmy gibbon
There is no heavier than 6 kilograms. Males and females are similar in size and coloration. At all ages, monkeys of the species are black.
Once on the ground, dwarf gibbons move with their arms behind their backs. Otherwise, long limbs drag along the ground. Sometimes primates raise their arms up, using them as a balancer.
All gibbons move through the trees, alternately rearranging their front limbs. The manner is called brachiation.
orangutans
Always massive. Male orangutans are larger than females, with hooked fingers, fatty growths on the cheeks in a small guttural sac, like in gibbons.
Sumatran orangutan
Refers to red monkeys, has a fiery coat color. Representatives of the species are found on the island of Sumatra and Kalimantan.
Sumatran is included in types of great apes. In the language of the inhabitants of the island of Sumatra, the name of the primate means "forest man". Therefore, it is incorrect to write "orangutaeng". The letter "b" at the end changes the meaning of the word. In the language of the Sumatrans, this is already a “debtor”, and not a forest person.
Bornean orangutan
It can weigh up to 180 kilos with a maximum height of 140 centimeters. Monkey species - a sort of sumo wrestlers, covered in fat. The Bornean orangutan also "owes" its heavy weight to short legs against the background of a large body. lower limbs have monkey, by the way, curves.
The arms of the Bornean orangutan, as well as others, hang below the knees. But the fatty cheeks of the representatives of the species are especially fleshy, significantly expanding the face.
kalimantan orangutan
It is endemic to Kalimantan. The growth of the monkey is slightly higher than the Bornean orangutan, but it weighs 2 times less. The coat of primates is brown-red. In Bornean individuals, the fur coat is pronounced fiery.
Among the monkeys, the orangutans of Kalimantan are long-lived. The age of some ends in the 7th decade.
All orangutans have a concave skull in the front. The general outline of the head is elongated. All orangutans also have a powerful lower jaw and large teeth. The chewing surface is pronounced relief, as if wrinkled.
Gorillas
Like orangutans, they are hominids. Previously, scientists called so only man and his ape-like ancestors. However, gorillas, orangutans, and even chimpanzees share a common ancestor with humans. Therefore, the classification was revised.
coast gorilla
Lives in equatorial Africa. The growth of the primate is about 170 centimeters, weighs up to 170 kilograms, but often about 100.
The males of the species have a silver stripe running down their backs. The females are completely black. On the forehead of both sexes there is a characteristic redhead.
lowland gorilla
It is found in Cameroon, the Central African Republic and the Congo. There, the plain settles in the mangroves. They are dying out. Together with them, the gorillas of the species also disappear.
The size of the lowland gorilla is commensurate with the parameters of the coast. But the coat color is different. Plains individuals have brown-gray fur.
mountain gorilla
The rarest, listed in the International Red Book. Less than 200 left. Living in remote mountainous areas, the species was discovered at the beginning of the last century.
Unlike other gorillas, the mountain gorilla has a narrower skull, thick and long hair. The forelimbs of the monkey are much shorter than the hind limbs.
Chimpanzee
All live in Africa, in the basins of the Niger and Congo rivers. There are no monkeys of the family above 150 centimeters and weigh no more than 50 kilograms. In addition, males and females differ slightly in shipanzee, there is no occipital ridge, and the supraorbital is less developed.
Bonobo
Considered the smartest monkey in the world. By level brain activity and DNA, bonobo - 99.4% close to humans. Working with chimpanzees, scientists have taught some individuals to recognize 3,000 words. Five hundred of them were used by primates in oral speech.
Growth does not exceed 115 centimeters. The standard weight of a chimpanzee is 35 kilograms. The wool is dyed black. The skin is also dark, but the lips of the bonobo are pink.
common chimpanzee
Finding out how many kinds of monkeys belong to chimpanzees, you will recognize only 2. In addition to the bonobos, the ordinary belongs to the family. He's bigger. Individual individuals weigh 80 kilograms. The maximum height is 160 centimeters.
There are white hairs on the coccyx and near the mouth of the common. The rest of the coat is brown-black. White hairs fall out during puberty. Prior to this, older primates consider marked children, treat them condescendingly.
Compared to gorillas and orangutans, all chimpanzees have a straighter forehead. At the same time, the brain part of the skull is larger. Like other hominids, primates walk only on their feet. Accordingly, the position of the chimpanzee's body is vertical.
The big toes are no longer opposed to the rest. The length of the leg exceeds the length of the palm.
Here we figured it out what are the types of monkeys. Although they have a relationship with people, the latter are not averse to feasting on their younger brothers. Many aboriginal peoples eat monkeys. Particularly tasty is the meat of semi-monkeys. Animal skins are also used, using the material for sewing bags, clothes, belts.
An amazing animal that looks like a tiny gnome is a pygmy marmoset monkey. Another such charming creature is hard to find on Earth.
This is the smallest monkey that lives in Peru, Ecuador, Brazil and all along the Amazon coast. It barely reaches ten to fifteen centimeters in adulthood.
But the baby marmoset can rightfully be proud of its tail. Its length even exceeds the length of the calf, sometimes reaching nineteen centimeters! The smallest monkey also weighs quite a bit - no more than 150 grams.
Females usually give birth to a couple of cute babies, who are looked after by the whole huge family, because all members up to the fourth generation live in the family. It is also noted that the mother is the member of the family who bears the main responsibility for feeding babies. The father and older brothers and sisters are directly involved in the upbringing of the growing cubs.
If adults have earned the name dwarf, then the babies of this species are the real “inch” and “finger-boys”. After all, in order to hug a human finger, the cubs barely have enough small hands!
This baby feeds on insects and fruits, giving preference to gum fruits - close relatives of sea buckthorn, known to Russians. But most of all marmosets love tree sap.
In captivity, short monkeys are pampered with apples, grated carrots, pumpkins, berries and bananas. Perhaps the smallest and in nature would not refuse bananas, but it would hardly be possible for her to peel such a colossus, almost twice her own size, from the peel.
Despite the fact that mini-monkeys live in a warm climate, their coat is striking in its density and variety. color combinations fur, usually brighter from above, turning downward into light colors.
This unique little monkey has such a long tail for a reason. It helps to make two-meter jump-flights, escaping from the pursuit of enemies. Sharp tenacious claws make it possible for the animal to quickly move along vertical trunks and branches.
Moreover, due to the low weight, even an adult marmoset can easily withstand thin twigs. Therefore, to catch an adult without her consent is a rather complicated, almost impossible matter.
This probably affected the cost of marmosets. has a price of 100,000 rubles and more! However, experts do not advise keeping these cute little animals in the house.
Being quite sociable and extremely inquisitive, marmosets are able to bring such a mess in the apartment in an hour that overhaul will be the only way out of this situation. Sharp claws are able to pick out electrical wiring laid deep in the wall, tenacious fingers will break all the locks and ruin the plumbing. Their energy and imagination are simply inexhaustible!
Usually marmosets live in nature for 10 years, but in captivity their lifespan is reduced to 8. What is the reason: nutrition or lack fresh air, in positive emotions from communicating with relatives or "pressing walls" - scientists have not yet been able to find out.
The beauty and diversity of the animal world has not bypassed such a family of animals as primates. In the world there are not only representatives who are distinguished by their great height, weight and strength, but also quite crumbs. The marmoset is one of the smallest members of the marmoset monkey family. It will be discussed in this article.
Description and types of marmosets
Representatives of this species of pygmy marmosets are called pocket monkeys for his modest stature and enviable activity.
The weight of an adult monkey is about one hundred grams with a height of 20–25 centimeters. The tail reaches a length of 20-25 centimeters. It may seem that the long tail has a grasping function, however, it is not.
Standard color of dwarf marmosets- reddish with a dark undercoat may be with black or white patches. The skull of the marmoset is small, but the brain is quite strongly developed. To control environment, nature endowed the monkeys with the ability to turn their heads up to 180 degrees. The monkey's eyes are expressive, round with a slight slant. Monkeys have only two teeth. Developed five-fingered limbs allow marmosets to jump up to five meters in height, and sharp claws allow them to firmly grab and attach to tree trunks or branches.
Types of marmosets:
Habitat and lifestyle
Like most primates, these pygmy monkeys live in South America in the jungles of Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador.
Monkeys live in the dense crowns of trees higher from terrestrial predators. Dwarf marmosets spend the night in hollows of trees. Marmosets are social animals and keep in numerous groups, which is built on the principle of a family, that is, representatives of one family live in one group, which can consist of 4–5 generations. Female pygmy marmosets give birth twice a year. The protection and upbringing of babies falls entirely on the male, who gives the kids to the females only for feeding.
In the wild, monkeys live up to 10 years, in captivity with proper care this period is extended by 2-3 years.
The constant temperature for keeping marmosets should fluctuate between 25-30 degrees Celsius. Humidity of at least 60% is considered normal.
Diet
The diet of dwarf marmosets - marmosets varied and consists of:
- various fruits;
- flowers and leaves of plants;
- insects;
- bird eggs;
- amphibians.
Monkeys quench their thirst with water, which accumulates on the leaves of trees. Thanks to powerful incisors, marmosets can extract tree sap, and their low weight allows them to reach fruits that other heavy competitors cannot eat.
Reproduction and the first year of life of marmosets
Female fertility begins from the age of two. The female herself chooses the future father. Pregnancy of marmosets lasts 140-150 days. Usually two, less often three cubs are born.
At birth, babies weigh about 12-15 grams. Babies spend the first 2-3 months with their mothers feeding on breast milk. After that, they pass into the power of their father until they finally get stronger.
From three months they can move independently, and from six months they begin to eat the same food as adults. Puberty begins at 12 months and ends at two years.
Threats to life
Choosing life on the branches, marmosets got rid of ground dangers, for example, from the attack of large cats. However, the attacks of birds of prey and tree snakes are very acute, and if monkeys fight against predators through their social structures, then they cannot protect themselves from human intervention. It is man who is the main enemy of marmosets. Habitat destruction and illegal trapping contemporary issues little monkeys.
Price
If you have firmly decided to settle this cute animal in your house, you have the most reasonable question, how much does marmazette cost and where can you buy them? Most often, marmosets are purchased either at a specialized pet store, or directly from a breeder through online message boards or through social networks. The average price is about 50,000–60,000 rubles. Do not forget that the maintenance of these cute little animals will also incur additional costs.
Marmosets are social animals, so a lack of communication can negatively affect your pet's well-being. It should be borne in mind that if you are going to keep a pet in a terrarium, it should be quite spacious so that the animal does not feel discomfort. Marmosets are shy animals, so they need a place where they can hide and wait out the danger.
The mode of wakefulness and sleep is also important, which is better not to break. Also remember that monkeys mark their territory. You have to be ready for this.
Love and care - that's what is important in keeping any living creature and marmosets are no exception. Treat them the way you would like to be treated, and then the exotic merry fellow will delight you for many years.
