Tyutchev is one of the great Russian poets of the 19th century, who subtly felt the beauty of the surrounding nature. His landscape poetry occupies a significant place in Russian literature. "Autumn Evening" is Tyutchev's poem, which combines European and Russian traditions, reminiscent of a classical ode in style and content, although its size is much more modest. Fedor Ivanovich was fond of European romanticism, Heinrich Heine was his idol, so his works are designed in this direction.

The content of the poem "Autumn Evening"

Tyutchev left behind not so many works - about 400 poems, because all his life he was engaged in diplomatic public service, there was practically no free time for creativity. But absolutely all of his works are striking in their beauty, lightness, and accuracy in describing certain phenomena. It is immediately clear that the author loved and understood nature, was a very observant person. "Autumn Evening" Tyutchev wrote in 1830 during a business trip to Munich. The poet was very lonely and dreary, and the warm October evening inspired him with memories of his homeland, set him in a lyric-romantic mood. And so the poem "Autumn Evening" appeared.

Tyutchev (analysis shows the fullness of the work with a deep philosophical meaning) did not express himself with the help of symbols, in his time this was not accepted. Therefore, the poet does not associate autumn with the fading of human beauty, the fading of life, the completion of the cycle that makes people older. Evening twilight among the Symbolists is associated with old age and wisdom, autumn evokes a feeling of longing, but Fyodor Ivanovich tried to find something positive and charming in the autumn evening.

Tyutchev simply wanted to describe the landscape that opened to his eyes, to convey his vision of this time of the year. The author likes the "lightness of autumn evenings", twilight falls on the earth, but sadness is illuminated by the last rays of the sun, which touched the tops of the trees and illuminated the foliage. Fyodor Ivanovich compared this with "the meek smile of withering." The poet draws a parallel between people and nature, because in a person such a state is called suffering.

The philosophical meaning of the poem "Autumn Evening"

Tyutchev in his work did not distinguish between the living and because he considered everything in this world to be interconnected. People very often even unconsciously copy some actions or gestures that they see around. Autumn time is also identified with a person, associated with his spiritual maturity. At this time, people stock up on knowledge and experience, realize the value of beauty and youth, but cannot boast of a clean look and a fresh face.

"Autumn Evening" Tyutchev wrote with a slight sadness about the irrevocably gone days, but at the same time with admiration for the perfection of the world around him, in which all processes are cyclical. Nature has no failures, autumn brings melancholy with a cold wind tearing off yellow leaves, but winter will come after it, which will cover everything around with a snow-white blanket, then the earth will wake up and be full of juicy herbs. A person, experiencing the next cycle, becomes wiser and learns to enjoy every moment.

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm:
The ominous brilliance and variegation of trees,
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Foggy and quiet azure
Over the sad orphan land,
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
A gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and on everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being do we call
Divine bashfulness of suffering.

Analysis of the poem "Autumn Evening" by Tyutchev

The poem "Autumn Evening" was written by Tyutchev during his long stay in Munich, in 1830. The poet missed his homeland and, in particular, the Russian language. In his work, he expressed all the longing and emptiness of the soul. The author's strong passion for Russian poetry of the 19th century is noticeable. Her characteristic odic style of narration, the use of vivid epithets (ominous, crimson) and discordant forms (trees, wind).

Conventionally, the work can be divided into several semantic parts. The first is a sketch of the landscape, the introduction and the main idea of ​​the poem appear. It is followed by the second part, in the form of a detailed, dramatic picture. She details the fading of nature and its strange, aloof beauty. In the final part, an obvious parallel is drawn between human life and the natural world.

The poet emphasizes the inseparable connection between the processes occurring in nature and in human life. With the help of skillfully used personifications and metaphors, human autumn is described. In Tyutchev's understanding, this is a deep maturity, almost old age. Just as after autumn comes a lifeless, harsh winter, so after old age comes inevitable death. The author tries to show not only depressive, lyrical thoughts of such an outcome of events. He also emphasizes the positive aspects: the pleasant melancholy of the evenings, the mystery of what is happening and the slight rustle.

Throughout the poem, there is a competition between the inevitable withering of all living things and unbending optimism. The author is concerned about the ongoing changes, he empathizes with them. And at the same time, he does not want to succumb to sadness and melancholy.

The peculiarity of the poem "Autumn Evening" is the inseparability of such concepts as living and inanimate nature. The poet believes that all phenomena in the world are interconnected by an invisible thread. All of them are cyclical: a new time will come both in the cycle of nature and in human life. After a dull autumn, winter will come, beautiful and unique in its own way. So old age will come after maturity. A person will become wiser, learn to appreciate every moment.

Tyutchev's landscape lyrics are a special part of the Russian literary heritage. His poetry is for all time, it finds a lively response in the hearts of readers. It strikes them with its depth of images and unique, philosophical imagery. The poem "Autumn Evening" is one of such pearls in the poet's work.

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm:
The ominous brilliance and variegation of trees,
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Foggy and quiet azure
Over the sad orphan land,
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
A gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and on everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being do we call
Divine bashfulness of suffering.

October 1830

Analysis of the poem by F. I. Tyutchev "Autumn Evening"

The poetry of F. I. Tyutchev takes pride of place among Russian landscape lyrics. Two styles harmoniously merged in his poems: Russian and classical European. The works of Fyodor Ivanovich can be compared with the traditional odes to Goethe, Heine, Shakespeare in style, content, and rhythm. But they are much more modest in size, which gives depth and capacity to the texts.

Tyutchev's favorite time of day was evening. In his lyrics there are a lot of poems dedicated to this period. Evening in Tyutchev's poetry is multifaceted, mysterious, magical. And nature is spiritualized, endowed with human features, thoughts, emotions. One of these poems is "Autumn Evening".

The landscape sketch was painted in 1830. Ranked by researchers to the early lyrics of the poet. It was a relatively calm, but not the most joyful period in the life of the author. Recently concluded an official marriage with his first wife. freedom-loving young man overwhelmed family life. Life away from the motherland was also oppressive. Tyutchev felt longing for a carefree youth.

The miniature was born to the poet when he was visiting his native land and visited Russia for a short time. And became a prime example classical poetry of romanticism. Russian October evening awakened nostalgia, inspired melancholy. In the phenomena of nature, the author is looking for an analogy with the events of human life. It hints that everything is cyclical in people, like the change of time of day and seasons. Reasoning gives the poem a deep philosophical character.

Tyutchev's nature is real, full of colors and sounds. A favorite technique of the author is used - the method of artistic parallelism. Here he is helped by inversions: “crimson leaves”, “cold wind at times”.

The poem is one complex sentence, laid out in 12 lines, in one stanza. According to the meaning, rhythm and style, the text is divided into three parts. In the first part, a measured pace, there is a discussion about how beautiful autumn evenings are. A romantic mood is created.

The second part reminds the reader that the rapture will not last long. Everything is fleeting. Freezing winds and snow storms ahead. There is an escalation of the situation, the rhythm changes, the pace of reading accelerates. From the central part of the text breathes winter cold. It contrasts sharply with the introduction. Antithesis was used.

The third part is philosophical. There is a comparison of human existence with what happens in nature. Personifications with a gloomy coloring are used: “the meek smile of fading”, “the modesty of suffering”. All the details create an image of a fading, falling asleep nature. The author comes to the conclusion about the cyclical nature of life.

The three-phase structure of the composition does not introduce disharmony into the perception of the text. There are no sharp emotional jumps in the story. The poems are written in iambic pentameter. A cross rhyme is used. That gives dimension, melodiousness to the text. The narrator and nature itself become lyrical heroes.

The work has become a vivid example of the original natural-philosophical poetry of Fyodor Ivanovich. Landscape and philosophy are merged together, complement each other. Autumn for the poet is a symbol of spiritual and age maturity. Harvest time not only from the fields, but mental too. The period when the results are summed up.

The poem leaves pleasant emotions after reading, prompts reflection. It teaches you to appreciate every moment. On the one hand, it is important to love summer, warmth, happiness, because then the cold, snowstorm will come. On the other hand, the poet draws our attention to the fact that every time is beautiful, unique in its own way. You have to learn to see beauty in simple things.

Analysis of the poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Autumn Evening"

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings
A touching, mysterious charm! ..
The ominous brilliance and variegation of trees,
Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,
Foggy and quiet azure
Over the sad orphan land
And, like a premonition of descending storms,
A gusty, cold wind at times,
Damage, exhaustion - and on everything
That gentle smile of fading,
What in a rational being do we call
Divine bashfulness of suffering!

The poem "Autumn Evening" refers to the period of the early work of F. I. Tyutchev. It was written by the poet in 1830 during one of his short visits to Russia. Created in the spirit of classical romanticism, an elegant, light poem is not just landscape lyrics. Tyutchev comprehends the autumn evening in it as a phenomenon of the life of nature, looking for an analogy to the phenomenon of nature in the phenomena of human life, and these searches give the work a deep philosophical character.
"Autumn evening" is an extended metaphor: the poet feels "a gentle smile of fading" autumn nature, comparing it with "divine bashfulness of suffering" in man as a prototype of morality.
The poem is written iambic pentameter, used cross rhyming. A short, twelve-line poem is one complex sentence, read in one breath. The phrase “mild smile of withering” combines all the details that create the image of a withering nature.
Nature in the poem is changeable and many-sided, full of colors and sounds. The poet managed to convey the elusive charm of autumn twilight, when the evening sun changes the face of the earth, making the colors richer and brighter. Brightness of colors ( azure, crimson leaves, shine, variegation of trees) is slightly muffled by epithets that create a translucent haze - foggy, light.
To depict a picture of autumn nature, Tyutchev uses the technique of syntactic condensation, combining various means of artistic expression: gradation ( "damage", "exhaustion"), personification ( "a languid whisper" leaves), metaphors ( "ominous brilliance","Wilting Smile"), epithets ( gentle, meek, bashful, misty).
"Autumn Evening" is full of diverse in structure and meaning epithets- synthetic ( "ominous brilliance and variegation of trees"), color ( "crimson leaves"), complex ( "sadly orphaned"). Contrasting epithets - "touching, mysterious charm" And "ominous brilliance", "foggy and quiet azure" And "gusty, cold wind"- very expressively convey the transitional state of nature: farewell to autumn and a premonition of winter.
The state of nature and feelings of the lyrical hero helps to express used by Tyutchev alliteration, which creates the effect of falling leaves ( "Crimson leaves languid whisper"), fresh breath of wind ( "And, like a premonition of descending storms / / A gusty, cold wind").
The poet is characterized by a pantheistic interpretation of the landscape. Tyutchev's nature is humanized: like a living being, it breathes, feels, experiences joy and sadness. Tyutchev perceives autumn as a meek suffering, a painful smile of nature.
The poet does not separate the natural world from the human world. The parallel between these two images is created using personifications and compound epithet "sadly orphaned" emphasizing the theme of farewell. Light sadness, inspired by the foreboding of the coming winter, is mixed in the poem with a joyful feeling - after all, nature is cyclical, and after the coming winter the world will be reborn again, full of juicy spring colors.
In the instant impression of the autumn evening, Tyutchev contained his thoughts and feelings, all the infinity of his own life. Tyutchev compares autumn with spiritual maturity, when a person acquires wisdom - the wisdom to live and appreciate every moment of life.

Analysis of the poem "Autumn Evening"

Analysis of the poem "Autumn Evening"

The purpose of the lesson– improving the skills of analysis and interpretation of a literary and artistic work.

educational goals- fostering a responsible attitude to reading.

Learning Objectives- developing the aesthetic taste of students, to teach them a comprehensive comprehension of a literary work.

Work form– practice and organization independent work students.

One of the most important tasks for the implementation of this goal is the development of students' ability to aesthetic perception of the phenomena of literature and the reality reflected in it, the education of aesthetic taste.

A work of art is comprehended not only by the mind, but also by feelings, emotional memory. Extreme emotionality is characteristic of this kind of literature, like lyrics.

The specificity of the poetic text is that, firstly, as a rule, it is plotless, and secondly, it is filled with hidden meaning, expressed very succinctly. To overcome this form and reveal the depth of content is possible only with slow, thoughtful reading, which is what schoolchildren need to be taught.

Boris Kornilov, a poet, believes that indifference to music speaks of the underdevelopment of hearing, and indifference to poetry speaks of the underdevelopment of the soul.

Why is poetry given such a special role? Lyrics is a kind of literature characterized by subjectivity, direct expression of the author's feelings and experiences, concise, accumulative nature of the verse, and polysemy of the poetic image.

These properties of lyrics are in the center of attention when studying poetic works in literature lessons.

N. Gumilyov's article "The Anatomy of a Poem" says: "A poem is a living organism, subject to consideration: both anatomically and physiologically."

The organization of work with a poetic text should be based on the main principle: from words to thought and feeling, from form to content.

1. A variant of the analysis of a lyrical work (displayed on the projector screen)

1. What mood becomes decisive for the poem. Do the author's feelings change throughout the poem, and if so, thanks to what words do we guess about it?

2. Are there any chains of words in the poem that are associated associatively or phonetically (by associations or by sounds).

3. The role of the first line. What kind of music sounds in the poet's soul when he takes up the pen?

4. The role of the last line. On what emotional level, compared with the beginning, does the poet finish the poem?

5. The sound background of the poem.

6. The color background of the poem.

9. Features of the composition of the poem.

10. The genre of the poem. Lyric type.

11. Literary direction (if possible).

12. The value of artistic means.

13. History of creation, year of creation, the meaning of this poem in the poet's work. Are there any poems in the work of this poet that are similar to him or opposite in any way: form, theme? Is it possible to compare this poem with the works of other poets.

14. Compare the beginning and end of the poem: often they represent a lexical-grammatical and semantic correlation.

15. Make a conclusion about the emotional and meaningful meaning of the poem (interpret the poem). Briefly write down your understanding of the main content of the poem.

2. A variant of the analysis of the poem (displayed on the projector screen)

Writing time.

Vocabulary. If there are words that require clarification of their lexical meaning, look in the dictionary. What lexical layers does the author use in the work (professional vocabulary, dialectal, colloquial, reduced expressive, bookish, sublime, etc.)? What role do they play? In what thematic groups can lexical units be combined?

Morphological features. Are there any patterns in the author's use of parts of speech? Do verbs, nouns, adjectives or other parts of speech predominate? Features of the use of forms of parts of speech. What role do they play in the text?

syntactic features. Pay attention to the sentence structure. Which prevail: complex, simple? What is the emotional nature of the sentences?

Image-experience. How do the feelings of the lyrical hero change from the beginning to the end of the work? What words can be called key in displaying the dynamics of the image-experience?

Artistic time and space of the work. What artistic details form the space-time continuum of the work?

The color scheme of the work. Are there words in the text that directly designate a color, or words and images that imply a specific color? What is the combination of color elements in the text of the work? What relationship do they enter into (complement, smoothly transition into one another, contrast)?

The sound scale of the work. Are there words in the text that directly designate a sound, or words and images that imply a specific sound? What is the character of the sound scale of the work? Does the nature of the sound change from stanza to stanza, from the beginning to the end of the work?

Means of artistic expression. What tropes, figures does the author use to create images (epithets, metaphors, anaphora, antithesis, synecdoche, inversion, transfer, etc.)? Describe their meaning. Is there a pronounced predominance of any method? Its meaning. Pay attention to the use of sound. What type of sound writing does the author use (assonance, alliteration)? What role does she play?

Features of the rhythmic structure. Determine the size of the poem (trochaic, iambic, dactyl, amphibrach, anapaest), its features (pyrrhic, sponde). What role does size play in creating the mood and dynamics of images? Describe the nature of the rhyme, the method of rhyming, the strophic organization of the work. What words does the author rhyme with? Why?

Artistic details. What other details and images need to be characterized? Which of them stand out in particular in the work? What place do they occupy in the system of images? Are there any details and techniques in the text of the work that are characteristic of the work of this author, which are also manifested in his other works? Are there details and techniques in the text of this work related to the author's commitment to any literary movement?

Lyric hero. What can you say about the character of the lyrical hero, about his feelings, attitude to the world, to life?

The genre of the work. What genre features are manifested in the work (elegy, thought, sonnet, etc.)? What kind of art is this work close to (cinema, drama, music, etc.)? Why?

The theme of the work. What is the piece about? What object, problem, feeling, experience is in the center of the image?

The idea of ​​the work. How does the author perceive the named object, problem, feeling, experience? What does the author make the reader think about? Why was this work written?

In poems, philology and philosophy help to understand each other.

At the center of Tyutchev's philosophy is the primordial Chaos. Chaos is the original element of being, the abyss that is exposed at night. He is opposed by the Cosmos - an ordered, well-organized world. Chaos is the primordial matter, a rough healthy force, from which a person separated, created a civilization. But civilization is only a cover over the abyss. It does not isolate these forces. Tyutchev's poetry is a dialogue between the struggle between Chaos and the cosmos.

Tyutchev's nature is not a landscape inhabited by plants, animals and people, but a cosmos in which the elements of water, thunderstorms, nights live and act, which are independent forces of the universe. Night for the poet is not only one of the sides of being, but also an expression of its essence. Day is the healing of the soul after a painful night, the time when the human soul feels freed from torment and suffering. This is the fertile cover of the fatal world. The poet is equally sensitive to both sides of reality. He understands that the light golden-woven cover is just the top, and not the foundation of the universe. Chaos - negative infinity, a gaping abyss of all madness and ugliness, demonic impulses that rebel against everything positive and proper - this is the deepest essence of the world soul.

Thus, behind every landscape sketch created in poems, there is a philosophical picture of the world.

Autumn evening

Is in the lordship of autumn evenings

Touching, mysterious charm;

The ominous brilliance and variegation of trees,

Crimson leaves languid, light rustle,

Foggy and quiet azure

Over the sad orphan land,

And, like a premonition of descending storms,

A gusty, cold wind at times,

Damage, exhaustion - and on everything

That gentle smile of fading,

What in a rational being do we call

Divine bashfulness of suffering.

This poem was written by Tyutchev in 1830 during one of his short visits to Russia. Perhaps that is why it is imbued with such a thin, like a stretched string, feeling comparable to the feeling that arises at the moment of parting with a dear person, moreover, an inevitable parting. What creates this feeling?

Consider color scheme poems. On the one hand, it is rather motley: brilliance and variegation, crimson leaves, azure; but, at the same time, the poet slightly muffles this variegation, makes it cautious. With using what? With the help of epithets: touching, mysterious, languid, light, foggy, quiet, sadly orphaned, bashful, meek. In general, the poem is full of epithets. An epithet is a bright, figurative, artistic definition, the function of which is to create colorful images, an emotional atmosphere, and convey the author's position.

In this poem, epithets are diverse in structure and meaning. The composite epithet sad-orphan conveys both the poet's attitude to the depicted and the state of nature: sadness, orphanhood, loneliness, it is this epithet that accentuates the theme of farewell, parting. But this is a parting, the cause of which is death.

The epithets contrast with each other. Following the "touching, mysterious charm" appears "ominous brilliance." Then "foggy and quiet azure" and "gusty, cold wind" alternate. The poet does not oppose contrasting states, but connects them, as he seeks to depict a transitional moment in the life of nature: farewell to autumn and a premonition of winter.

The whole poem is one sentence. The sentence is complex, in the first part - homogeneous members with a general word. A pronoun with a preposition on everything absorbs both rustle, and variegation, and azure, and “wind”. No matter how differently these details that make up the picture of nature are characterized, this image is united and completed by a gentle smile of withering. The text is pronounced in one breath, like a farewell exhalation.

Autumn beauty is dying. Behind the image of nature arises the human image. The creation of this parallel is facilitated, among other things, by the already indicated epithet sadly orphaned. This personification intensifies even more in the lines: Damage, exhaustion - and on everything// That meek smile of withering,// What in a rational being we call// The divine bashfulness of suffering.

Meek - gentle, submissive, meek. There is an image of a girl, humbly waiting for the inevitability of the end.

said about F. Tyutchev's poem "Autumn Evening": "The impression that you experience when reading these poems can only be compared with the feeling that a person takes possession of at the bedside of a young, dying woman with whom he was in love."

F. Tyutchev's poem echoes the poem "Autumn" written later.

… … … I like her,

Like a consumptive maiden

Sometimes I like it. Condemned to death

The poor thing bows without grumbling, without anger.

The smile on the lips of the faded is visible;

She does not hear the yawn of the grave abyss;

Plays on the face purple color.

She is still alive today, not tomorrow.

Pushkin's image, like Tyutchev's, retains echoes of its former beauty and is embarrassed by the already obvious signs of fading. Both poems are united by a premonition of still distant, but approaching upheavals.

The desire to catch the transitional state both in human life and in the life of nature is characteristic of the work of F. Tyutchev. Tyutchev is interested in observing the elements of nature and its laws. With the help of such observations, the poet seeks to know the essence of being, the universal laws of the universe.

Homework:

Do your own analysis of the poem . “How rich I am in crazy verses!..”