Geographical position, borders, administrative districts of the Donetsk region. Geographic coordinates of extreme points. Extreme points of the Donetsk region Extreme points of the Donetsk region

Lesson summary

Lesson topic: Geographical position, borders, administrative regions, geographical coordinates of extreme points. The position of the region relative to the thermal zones of the Earth, continents, oceans and other physical and geographical objects.

Goals:

Educational: to promote the formation of ideas about the geographical location of the Donetsk region and its impact on nature and economy.

Developing: develop the ability to compare, evaluate, summarize, analyze. Continue the formation of skills to work with a map, table, diagram.

Educational: fostering a sense of patriotism, pride in one's land.

Lesson type: A lesson in learning new material.

Equipment: Physical map of the Donetsk region, atlases, contour maps, pencils.

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Updating the topic of the lesson.

WITH today, we are starting to study the geography of our region, the region where you were born and raised. It was from the land of the Donetsk region that the Motherland began for you. Wherever life takes you, you will remember your land. We have much to be proud of. It has its own coal, its own salt, its own chemical production. “Not knowing the geography of your homeland is the same as being a foreigner in your own country.” NV Gogol Geographical position. To understand and be able to explain the natural conditions of any country, it is necessary, first of all, to study its geographical position. Geographic location includes: the name of the continent or part of the world on which the object is located; geographical coordinates of the extreme points showing the position in relation to the equator and the zero meridian; remoteness or proximity in relation to the oceans, seas; belonging to a particular geographic area.

3. Study of new material.

Donetsk region is located on the continent of Eurasia, in Eastern Europe. Any edge point will have a north latitude and east longitude, as we We live in the northern and eastern hemispheres. The region is washed by the Sea of Azov from the south. In the southwest and west it borders on Dnepropetrovsk and Zaporozhye, in the northwest - on Kharkov, in the northeast - on the Luhansk regions of Ukraine, in the east - on the Rostov region Russian Federation. Donetsk region is located in temperate latitudes, in the steppe zone.

The size of the territory important factor in the economic life of the country. With a variety of natural conditions and wealth, it contributes to the development

many sectors of the economy. The territory of our region is 26.5 thousand km2, which is 4.5% of the entire territory of Ukraine, 0.25% of the territory of Europe. The area of Donetsk region is 10 times larger

Compare the area of the Donetsk region with the area of individual countries. The territories of San Marino, Israel - 1.9 times, Jamaica - 2.2 times, Lebanon - 2.5 times, Cyprus - 2.9 times, Liechtenstein - 13 times. S of our area is equal to the territory of Macedonia, Albania, 1.9 times less than the Netherlands, Lithuania, Latvia.

The length of the region from north to south is 270 km, from west to east - 190 km. The extreme points of the region are: the southern one is the Belosarayskaya spit, the western one is near the Shevchenko settlement of the Velikonovoselovskiy district, the eastern one is near the Verkhniy Kut settlement of the Miner’s district, the northern one is the height of 195 m of the Krasnolimansky district (now the territory of the district is subordinated to the city of Krasny Liman).

Borders. The total length of the borders of the Donetsk region is 1,526 km, of which: land - 1,376 km, sea - 140 km. The southern border of the maritime region, Calculate the length in the Sea of Azov, the border runs through the territorial waters in kilometers. 12 nautical miles from the coast. 1 nautical mile is 1.852 km.

The modern borders of the region were formed in 1938. Administrative center- the city of Donetsk (48 ° N; 37 ° 48 "E) The region is divided into 17 districts: Aleksandrovsky, Amvrosievsky, Artemovsky, Velikonovoselkovsky, Volnovakhsky, Volodarsky, Dobropolsky, Konstantinovsky, Krasnoarmeisky, Maryinsky, Novoazovsky, Pershotravnevy, Slavyansky, Starobeshevsky, Telmanovsky, Shakhtersky, Yasinovatsky.There are 52 cities, 33 territories of urban subordination, 135 urban-type settlements, 1122 rural settlements in the region.The geographical center of the region is located in the village of Peski, Yasinovatsky district.

Rice. 1. Map of the Donetsk region.

The geographical position of the Donetsk region is favorable, which is determined by its proximity to the industrial Dnieper, the iron ores of the Krivoy Rog basin, the Nikopol manganese ore basin, its location at the intersection of important transport routes, its location on the coast of the Sea of Azov, where the Mariupol port provides access to the Black Sea-Mediterranean basin, Donetsk region - region rich in natural resources.

Interesting Facts:

Donetsk is located on the 37th meridian, which is sometimes called the axis of capitals. Approximately 37 meridian passes through Moscow - the capital of Russia, Damascus - the capital of Syria, Addis Ababa - the capital of Ethiopia, Nairobi - the capital of Kenya.

The largest number of branches of the Great Silk Road accounted for the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea. Here it crossed with an old path that went from north to south - the path from Greece to the Varangian land. This crossroads is interesting because it is the only international crossroads along the entire Great Trade Route where the movement of goods, people and political interests took place not only from east to west or sometimes from west to east, but sometimes also in the meridian direction - from north to south and from south to north. Throughout the Great Silk Road, it was the busiest crossroads, and at this crossroads was the Donetsk region, is the modern Donetsk region.

Using access to the Black Sea and Mediterranean basins, the region carries out trade relations with the countries of the Balkan Peninsula, the Middle East, Africa, Central and Southeast Asia.

The territorial sea (territorial waters) is a strip of sea 12 nautical miles wide immediately adjacent to a land territory or the outer limit of internal waters.

The distance from the center of our region to the equator is 5328 km, and to the north pole is 4662 km, i.e. Donetsk region is almost equally removed from the north pole and the equator.

To determine who is “under us”, that is, on the diametrically opposite territory of the globe, it is necessary to subtract the longitude of the point of the Donetsk region from 1800 and get the longitude of the diametrically opposite point (the longitude will be western). The latitude will be equal to the latitude of our area, but only in the southern hemisphere. If you make calculations, then this territory on the globe will be the water area in the Pacific Ocean to the east of the island of New Zealand.

The latitude of a terrain point is always equal to the height of the North Star above the horizon. The latitude of Donetsk is 480, which means that the North Star over Donetsk can be observed at an angle of 480 above the horizon.

Practical work.

Subject: "Designation on contour map borders of the region"

Progress: Using physical map, put on the contour map of the Donetsk region:

1. Borders of the Donetsk region.

2. Extreme points of the region.

3. The geographical center of the region.

4. Names and borders of neighboring regions, countries.

5. Sign the administrative units of the region and their centers.

Consolidation of the studied material.

Give an answer to the questions.

1. In what part of Europe is Donetsk region located?

2. Name the neighbors of the Donetsk region.

3. Name the extreme points of the region.

4. Using maps and atlases, determine the geographical location of your locality.

5.Determine positive and negative traits geographical location Donetsk region.

Map work.

Show on the map the borders of the Donetsk region, administrative districts, name the neighboring regions and republics.

5. Summing up the lesson.

1. What did you learn in the lesson?

6. Homework:

1. Abstract

2. Message on the topic: "My Motherland - Donetsk region."

Goal of the work: improve the ability to determine the coordinates of the extreme points, the geographical center; to consolidate the skills and abilities to use atlas maps and contour maps.

Sources of knowledge: atlas, contour map, reference and additional information.

The length of the region from north to south is 255 km, from west to east - 180 km. The total length of the borders is 1526 km, of which: land - 1376 km, sea - 140 km. The highest place unnamed height 336 m located near the railway stops "Platform No. 3" and "Meteorological" in Debaltseve; the lowest place (− 0.4 m) is the water level in the Sea of Azov.

Geographical coordinates - geographic latitude and geographic longitude - values that determine the position of a point on the earth's surface.

Extreme points:

Northern - height 195 m on the territory of the subordinate town of Krasny Liman; South - the village of Belosarayskaya Kosa, Pershotravnevy district; Western - near the village of Kamyshevakha, Velikonovoselkovsky district; Eastern - near the village of Verkhniy Kut, Mining District. Geographic center located in the village of Peski, Yasinovatsky district.

PROGRESS

1. On the contour map designate borders and indicate neighbors of the Donetsk region.

2. Sign extreme points, geographical center and define their coordinates,

using atlas maps or Google maps: http://www.mapcoordinates.net/en.

Fill the table:

Geographic coordinates of extreme points

And the geographical center of the Donetsk region

Extreme point (center) Name Coordinates

Northern

Eastern

Western

Geographic center

	PR #1

3. Mathematical method define coordinates of the geographical center of the Donetsk region according to the formulas and sign it on the map:

φ center = (φ north point + φ south point) / 2;

center λ = (east λ + west λ) / 2.

Solution.

λ geogr. center = ________________________________________________________________

________

4. Determine length from north to south and from west to east in kilometers and degrees.

Solution.

1) In degrees:

- from North to South:

φ sowing points -φ south point = __________________________________________________________

- from west to east:

λ east points -λ app. dots = _________________________________________________________

_______

2) In kilometers: Method 1: in scale Map scale: М 1:1 250 000;

______________________________________________________________________

· Distance on the ground: _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Distance from north to south:

· Distance on the map: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

· Distance on the ground: ________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Method 2:conversion of degrees to km.

Distance from west to east:

1° to 47° parallel is 75.36 km;

_______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Distance from north to south:

1° along the meridians is 111 km.

· Distance in degrees: __________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

· Distance in kilometers: _______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Designation on the contour map of the borders of the Donetsk region,	PR #1
neighbors, extreme points, geographic center

Method 3:By Google -map: 255km: http://3planeta.com/googlemaps/google-maps-calculator-ploschadei.html

5. Determine the area of the territory of the Donetsk region?

__________________________________________________________________

6. Compare area of the territory of the Donetsk region with other neighboring administrative units:

_____________________________________________________________________________

Give examples of states whose area:

· less territory of the Donetsk region:

_____________________________________________________________________________

· approximately equal to the territory of the Donetsk region:

_____________________________________________________________________________

· V some times larger than the territory of the Donetsk region:

_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Complete offer:

The total length of the borders of our region is _________________,

of which: land - ________________, sea - _________________________

8. Compose description of the geographic location of your locality.

_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Determine , positive and negative features of the geographical location of the Donetsk region. Fill the table.

10. Determine distance in degrees from the geographic center to:

(It is known that the geographical center of the Donetsk region is located in the village of Peski, Yasinovatsky district)

· North Pole ______________________________________________________

· South Pole _________________________________________________________

· Equator ______________________________________________________________

Conclusion. What are the features of the physical and geographical position of the Donetsk region? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

11. *Calculate what part of the globe, land, mainland, Europe occupies

Donetsk region.

S of the globe - 510 million km 2

S land - 149 million km 2

S Eurasia - 54.6 million km 2

S of Europe - 10.5 million km 2

_____________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICAL WORK № 2

Geography, translated from Greek - land description.

Donbass- a historically developed region, including the northern part of the Donetsk (with the exception of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov) and the southern part of the Luhansk (with the exception of the northern part) regions - the so-called small Donbass. The Greater Donbass includes parts of the Dnepropetrovsk and Rostov regions ().

Figure 1 — Schematic map of the Donetsk coal basin

Figure 4 - Examples of the relief of the Donetsk region

Preobrazhensky V.S. (physicogeographer, academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, who studied the nature of the Donetsk Ridge in 1948-1953) characterizes the relief of the Donetsk Ridge as follows: “One of the most important common features of the Ridge relief is the combination of vast flat interfluve spaces with relatively deep, steeply sloping valleys, which often have a mountainous appearance”.

Stepanov P.I. (geologist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, author of geological maps of Donbass) noted the same features of the relief of the Ridge: “The steppe takes on the character of a mountainous country with miniature fluctuations in heights - a mountainous country that is felt at the bottom of gullies and valleys and fades every time the observer rises to the watershed between two gullies”.

The valleys are deep, often with bedrock outcrops on the slopes. The watersheds look like slightly undulating plains, almost completely plowed. characteristic feature natural landscape of the ridge are numerous beams, many of which, due to their unsuitability for Agriculture remain in their original form. The soils on the outskirts of the ridge are chernozems, in the center they are gray podzolized. In the floodplains of rivers and beams there are meadow chernozems, meadow-marsh, mainly with saline soils.
A characteristic feature of the relief of the region is the presence of forms of human influence (): factories, mines, waste heaps, quarries, and so on.

Figure 5 - Industrial landscapes of the Donetsk region

Minerals

The bowels of the region are rich in various minerals:

hard coal and coking coal - Donetsk coal basin;
rock salt - Artyomovskoye and Slavyanskoye deposits;
dolomites, flux and building limestones - Dokuchaevsk, Komsomolskoye, Novotroitskoye;
refractory clays - Chasovoyarskoye, Novorayskoye, Andreevskoye, Zatyshanskoye, Veselovskoye, Oktyabrskoye deposits;
plastic and ceramic clays - Kramatorskoe, Kurdyumovskoye, Kuteynikovskoye, Nikolaevskoye, Rai-Aleksandrovskoye, Nikiforovskoye deposits;
marl - Amvrosievsky district, district of the city of Kramatorsk;
gypsum - Artyomovsky district;
kaolin - Vladimirskoe, Bogoroditskoe, Ekaterinovskoe deposits;
chalk - Slavyansky district;
construction and quartz sands, granite, quartzite - Telmanovsky, Volodarsky district;
mercury - Nikitovskoe deposit;
mineral paints (ocher) - Yasnaya Polyana deposit;
phosphorites - Reznikovskoe and Osykovskoe deposits;
rare earth elements - Volnovakhsky district;
asbestos, graphite - in the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov.

Discovered:

aluminum ores - Kalinino-Shevchenkovskoye deposit;
fluorite (fluorspar) – Petrovo-Gnutovskoe and Pokrov-Kireevskoe deposits;
vermiculite - Kamennomogilnoye deposit;
iron ore - in the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov;
davsonite, potassium salts - near Slavyansk.

The search for diamonds is underway. In post-war times, secret mines produced radioactive materials for the first Soviet atomic bombs. In the northern regions of the region there is the Dnieper-Donetsk oil and gas region, in the southern regions, on the coast of the sea, there is the Black Sea-Crimean oil and gas province. Sources are being exploited mineral waters(Dobropolye, Novoazovsk). Yuzivske shale gas field is located on the border of Donetsk and Kharkiv regions.

water bodies

About 110 rivers flow through the territory of the Donetsk region, 47 of which are more than 25 km long. The total length of the rivers is over 3,000 km. All rivers of the region are divided into three parts - northern (Seversky Donets basin), southern (Azov Sea basin) and western (Dnieper basin).

In the northern part, the Seversky Donets River flows with tributaries that flow from the southern spurs of the Central Russian Upland, from the northern and eastern slopes of the Donetsk Ridge. The total length of the Seversky Donets is 1,053 km, within the boundaries of the region - more than 100 km, width -60 ... 80 m, average depth - 1.5 ... Lugan.

The southern part of the territory covers the basin of the rivers of the northern coast of the Sea of Azov, which flow from the southern slopes of the Donetsk Ridge and the Azov Upland: Kalmius, Gruzsky Elanchik, Krynka.

In the western part, the rivers of the Dnieper basin flow, which form their flow on the western slopes of the Donetsk Ridge and the Azov Upland: Samara and Volchya with tributaries Dry Yaly, Wet Yaly and others. Many rivers dry up.

Lakes on the territory of the region are located in the floodplain of the Seversky Donets (Volchie and others), Slavic salt lakes - Rapnoe and Salt. Lakes of karst origin, salty. The water in the lakes has medicinal properties. The bottom is covered with deposits of mud, which also has healing properties. Rapa Lake by chemical composition- sodium chloride, contains sulfates.

Blue lakes - lakes in the Krasnolimansky district of the Donetsk region, near the river Seversky Donets. The lakes arose in the early 60s of the last century on the site of sand pits, which were filled with spring water. The lakes are located in a pine forest. The water in the lakes is clean, never stagnant due to the fact that underground sources constantly maintain the same water level.

To improve water supply, 141 reservoirs () were created, including: Starokrymskoye, Kleban-Bykskoye, Karlovskoye, Olkhovskoye, Khanzhenkovskoye, Zuevskoye, Nizhnekalmiusskoye, Starobeshevskoye and others.

Figure 6 - Reservoirs of the Donetsk region

The Seversky Donets-Donbass canal is located on the territory of the region.

Soils

The soil cover of most (about 70% of the territory) of the Donetsk region is chernozems. In the northern regions there are sandy soils, along the coast of the Sea of Azov - weakly solodized chernozems, in some places there are solonchaks and solonetzes. In the river valleys - meadow-chernozem and meadow soils, on the uplands - thin chernozems and sod gravelly soils.

Vegetation

The Donetsk Ridge with its dissected relief served as a good refuge for heat-loving fauna and flora during the Ice Age. Many plants with a broken range have been found here, having connections with the Caucasus, Crimea and Central Europe [N.A. Gvozdetsky, F.I. Milkov. Physical geography of the USSR. - M.: Thought, 1976. - 448 p.].

Donetsk region is characterized by two types of vegetation: steppe and forest. Steppes dominate in the south and east of the region, and steppes and ravine forests dominate in the north and the Donetsk Ridge. On the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, there are areas with solonchak vegetation.
Natural steppe vegetation has been preserved in the Kamennye Mogily and Khomutovskaya steppe reserves, on the steep slopes of ravines and hills. The vegetation of the steppe is forb-fescue-feather grass.

A typical natural landscape of the Donetsk Ridge - the Donetsk forest-steppe (a steppe that alternates with arrays of artificial plantations and forests) can be seen in regional landscape parks- Donetsk ridge, Zuevsky. Not far from Donetsk there is an artificial forest - Velikoanadolsky, in the center of which there is a lake with healing radon springs.

Forests occupy about 5.0% of the territory of the region (), mainly in the Seversky Donets valley - pine forests, on the Donetsk Ridge - deciduous forests (elm, maple, linden, ash), oak and ash ravines (broad-leaved forests growing along the bottom and slopes beams - bayraks) forests in the area of the Krynka river basin, located in floodplains and beams. You can get acquainted with this vegetation in the Holy Mountains and Cretaceous Flora natural parks, in which natural forests with Cretaceous pine have been preserved.

Donetsk forest-steppe
(vicinities of Russko-Orlovka village)

Deciduous forests
in the valley of the river Krynka (reserve Donetsk Ridge)

Figure 7 - Forests of Donetsk region

Once upon a time, almost the entire Donetsk Ridge was covered with oak forests with an admixture of hornbeam, elm, maple, and ash. Willows and poplars grew along the river valleys, birch was found. Elevated places were occupied by dense thickets of broad-leaved trees and shrubs: blackthorn, hawthorn, wild rose, wild pear and apple, euonymus. In the valley of the Seversky Donets oak forests and pine forests rustled. And on the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, a sea of feather grass, colored with shrubs, alfalfa, sage and sweet clover, was agitated under the wind. At present, the entire space of the Donetsk steppes suitable for human use has been plowed up.

Animal world

In the few forests of the region (mainly in the north) there are: fox, badger, raccoon dog, elk, roe deer, wild boar, squirrel, hare, marten, common hedgehog, birds: pheasant, rook, magpie, nightingale, tits, turtledoves , owls, woodpeckers. In the steppe zone, field mice, gray hamsters, ground squirrels, marmots, foxes, hare, birds - quail, gray partridge, gray crow, hoopoe, larks, swallows, sparrows, woodpeckers are almost everywhere. On the sandy spits and the coast of the Sea of Azov: fox, hare, birds: gray goose, terns, gulls, lapwing, coot, ducks, waders, pigeons and others.

In the rivers of the region there are fish: carp, crucian carp, pike, rudd, bream, fish, silver carp, common catfish, ruff, perch, pike perch, tench. In the waters of the Sea of Azov: goby, sprat, anchovy, herring, pike perch, Azov shad, flounder, pilengas and others.

Economy

The region is an economically developed region. The presence of fuel and energy and mineral resources, the proximity of iron ore deposits of the Krivoy Rog basin, access to the sea led to the formation of a large industrial complex with a high concentration of heavy industries, the creation of a developed industrial, scientific and social infrastructure. The main sectors of the region's economy are coal, metallurgical, coke-chemical, chemical industries, heavy engineering, production of building materials, electric power industry, and transport. The region is the main supplier of metal, fuel, engineering products and chemical industry.

Large thermal power plants operate in the region - Starobeshevskaya, Slavyanskaya, Uglegorskaya, Kurakhovskaya, Zuevskaya. Coal is mined in Gorlovka, Donetsk, Dobropolye, Dzerzhinsk, Dimitrov, Enakievo, Krasnoarmeysk, Kirovsky, Kurakhovo, Makeevka, Selidovo, Snezhny, Torez, Shakhtersk and other cities. Metallurgical plants are located in Mariupol, Donetsk, Enakievo, Makeevka, Kurakhovo. Coke plants operate in Avdeevka, Gorlovka, Donetsk, Dzerzhinsk, Enakievo, Kramatorsk, Mariupol, Makeevka. Non-ferrous metallurgy: zinc (Konstantinovka), mercury (Nikitovka), rolled non-ferrous metals (Artemovsk). Heavy engineering: JSC "Novokramatorsk Machine-Building Plant", PO "Mariupol Heavy Machine-Building Plant". Chemical industry: production association "Stirol" (Gorlovka), "Khimprom" (Slavyansk).

The powerful transport system of the region is the densest network of railways in the country, connecting Donbass with the Dnieper region, Kiev, and Russia. The largest railway junctions: Yasinovataya, Krasny Liman, Debaltsevo, Nikitovka, Ilovaisk, Volnovakha.

Agriculture is inherent in: grain farming ( winter wheat, barley, corn, sunflower), beet growing, vegetable growing. Animal husbandry is represented by the dairy and meat direction. The main branches of the food industry are developed.

Population

The population of the region is more than 5.0 million people.

feature national composition is multinational. More than 100 nationalities live in the region, among which Russians and Ukrainians make up the largest part. Further in descending order: Greeks, Belarusians, Tatars, Armenians, Jews, Azerbaijanis, Georgians, Moldavians, Bulgarians, Germans, Poles, Gypsies and others.

The share of the urban population is more than 90%. To the east of Donetsk, the cities practically merge: Makeevka, Khartsyzsk, Zhdanovka, Zugres, Shakhtersk, Torez, Snezhnoye. Nearby are located: Gorlovka, Enakievo, Dzerzhinsk. The same location is in the northern part of the region: Konstantinovka, Druzhkovka, Kramatorsk, Slavyansk, Krasny Lyman. The average population density of 174 people/km2 is the highest in the regions of the former USSR.

Region flag

The upper field is blue with a golden (yellow) sun that rises, symbolizing the east of Ukraine.

The lower black field symbolizes coal, earth, the night Sea of Azov with golden (yellow) reflections.

Coat of arms of the region

The central place in the coat of arms of the Donetsk region is occupied by "Mertsalov's Palm"

Historical reference: "Mertsalov's Palm" is a unique handiwork of Alexei Mertsalov, a blacksmith of the Novorossiysk Coal, Iron and Rail Production Society, who forged it in 1896 especially for the All-Russian Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod. At this exhibition, Palma was awarded the highest award. In 1900, the "Novorossiysk Society" took part in the World Exhibition in Paris. His exhibition pavilion, which included Palma Mertsalova, was recognized as worthy of the highest award - the Grand Prix. At present, the Palm is preserved at the Mining Institute of St. Petersburg.

The main colors of the coat of arms are:

Gold (shield field) is a symbol of wealth, justice and generosity.
Black (edge) is a symbol of the wealth of the subsoil.
Blue (palm tree) is a symbol of beauty and majesty.
Green is a symbol of hope, joy, prosperity, developed agriculture

The crown emphasizes that the coat of arms is regional. Oak leaves are a symbol of greatness and reliability. The motto: "Possibility proven by deeds" emphasizes the historically formed labor roots of Donbass, its purposefulness in achieving the goal.

Donetsk region is located in the southeastern part of Ukraine.

In the southwest, it borders on Zaporozhye and Dnepropetrovsk, in the northwest - on Kharkov, in the northeast - on the Luhansk regions of the country, in the east - on the Rostov region of Russia /

In the south it is washed by the waters of the Sea of Azov.

The area is 26.5 thousand km. sq. (4.1% S Ukr.)

Population - about 5 million people (1st place in Ukraine)

length Donetsk region from north to south is 255 km, from west to east - 180 km. The total length of the borders of the Donetsk region is 1,526 km, of which: land - 1,376 km, sea - 140 km.

Extreme points of Donetsk region:
northern - height 195 m in the Krasnolimansky district;
southern - the village of Belosarayskaya Spit of the Pershotravnevy district;
the western one is near the village of Komyshevakha, Velikonovoselkovsky district;
the eastern one is near the village of Upper Kut in the Mining District.

Geographic center region is located in the village of Peski, Yasinovatsky district.

Donetsk region is divided into 18 districts, has 52 cities, including 28 - regional subordination, 132 urban-type settlements, 1122 rural settlements.

Districts of Donetsk region: Aleksandrovskiy,
Amvrosievsky,
Artyomovsky,
Velikonovoselkovsky,
Volnovakha,
Volodarsky,
Dobropolsky,
Konstantinovsky,
Krasnoarmeisky,
Krasnolimansky,
Maryinsky,
Novoazovsky,
pershot grass,
Slavic,
Starobeshevsky,
Telmanovsky,
Miner,
Yasinovatsky.

Cities of regional subordination:

Avdeevka, Artyomovsk, Gorlovka, Debaltseve, Dzerzhinsk, Dimitrov, Dobropolye, Dokuchaevsk, Donetsk, Druzhkovka, Yenakiyevo, Zhdanovka, Kirovskoe, Konstantinovka, Kramatorsk, Krasnoarmeysk, Krasny Liman, Makeevka, Mariupol, Novogrodovka, Selydovo, Slavyansk, Snezhnoe, Torez, Ugledar , Khartsyzsk, Shakhtyorsk, Yasinovataya.

"PRACTICAL WORKS ON GEOGRAPHY IN GRADE 8 Practical work No. 1 Designation on the contour map of the borders of the Donetsk region, neighbors, extreme points, geographical ..."

PRACTICAL WORKS ON GEOGRAPHY IN GRADE 8

Practical work No. 1

Designation on the contour map of the borders of the Donetsk region, neighbors, extreme points, geographical center

The purpose of the work: to improve the ability to determine the coordinates of the extreme points, the geographical center of the Donetsk region; to consolidate the skills and abilities to use atlas maps and contour maps.

Sources of knowledge: atlas, contour map (template) of Donetsk region, additional information.

Approximate work time: 20-30 minutes.

In order to introduce a differentiated approach in teaching for weak students, it is possible to suggest drawing up a contour map (map) of the Donetsk region using reference information; for successful students - draw up a contour map (map) without reference information, using a partial search method; for strong students (if Internet resources are available) perform practical work using google maps.

Reference information

Donetsk region neighbors:

Destination Neighbors

South Sea of Azov

Southwest Zaporozhye region of Ukraine

West Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine

North and northwest Kharkiv region of Ukraine

North-east and east Lugansk region

Southeast Rostov region Russia

The length of the region from north to south is 255 km, from west to east - 180 km. The total length of the borders of the region is 1526 km, of which: land - 1376 km, sea - 140 km. The highest place in the region is an unnamed height of 336 m, located near the railway stops Platform No. 3 and Meteorological in Debaltseve; the lowest place (0.4 m) is the water level in the Sea of Azov.

Extreme points of the region:

Northern - height 195 m in the Krasnolimansky district (4915 N, 375050 E);

South - the village of Belosarayskaya Kosa, Pershotravnevy district (465410N, 372037E);

Western - near the village of Kamyshevakha, Velikonovoselkovsky district (475316 N, 363520 E);

Eastern - near the village of Verkhniy Kut, Mining District (475704N, 390102E).

The geographical center of the region is located in the village of Peski, Yasinovatsky district (480344N, 374030E).

Progress

On a contour map (map), mark the borders and indicate the neighbors of the Donetsk region.

Sign the extreme points, the geographical center and determine their coordinates using atlas maps or Google maps: http://www.mapcoordinates.net/en. Fill the table:

Geographic coordinates of extreme points and geographical center

Donetsk region

Extreme point (center) Name Coordinates

North East South West Geographical center Use the mathematical method to determine the coordinates of the geographical center of the Donetsk region using the formulas:

Geographical latitude center \u003d (latitude of the north point + latitude of the south point) / 2;

Longitude geogr. center \u003d (longitude of the east point + longitude of the west point) / 2.

Geographical latitude center = (4915 + 465410) / 2 = 480435N;

Longitude geogr. center = (390102 + 363520) / 2 = 374811E

Determine the extent of the region from north to south and from west to east in kilometers and degrees.

In degrees:

From north to south: latitude N. points - latitude of the southern point = 4915 - 465410 = 22050;

From west to east: longitude east. points - longitude app. dots = 390102 - 363520 = 22542

In kilometers:

Method 1: to scale.

Map scale: M 1:1,250,000 (12.5 km in 1 cm);

Distance on the map: 20 cm;

Distance on the ground: 20 * 12.5 = 250 km.

Method 2: Based on the given distances in degrees.

Distance from west to east:

At latitude 47, a distance of 1 longitude is 75.36 km;

Distance in degrees 22542.

Distance in kilometers: 22542 * 75.36 2.5 * 75.36 km = 188.4 km.

Distance from north to south:

Distance in degrees: 22050

The distance in 1 latitude is 111 km.

Therefore, the distance in kilometers is: 22050 * 111 km 2.3 * 111 km = 255.3 km.

Method 3: Google map: 255 km: http://3planeta.com/googlemaps/google-maps-calculator-ploschadei.html

Conclusion. What are the features of the physical and geographical position of the Donetsk region?

(Donetsk region is located in the steppe zone, has access to the Sea of Azov. There are favorable natural conditions and resources, as evidenced by the coordinates of the extreme points).

Similar works:

“Bougainvillea/Bougainvillea La Superba Bougainvillea coast of BOUGAINVILLEA flowers blooming in the Riviera of Flowers. The concept of the fragrance is inspired by Bougainvillea flowers, with fresh accents of citrus fruits and sensual amber accords. Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea) is a genus of South American plants of the nocturnal family. Not high...»

“Without exception, all “energy” drinks contain caffeine.right0 The action of an energy tonic lasts for 3-4 hours, unlike coffee, which only lasts for a couple of hours. All energy tonics are divided into two categories: some contain more caffeine, others contain vitamins and carbohydrates. “Coffee” drinks suit...”

"FINAL AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE - SALES No. Murmansk "_" 20_ IP TROLLFEST, acting on the basis of the Charter, on the one hand, hereinafter referred to as the Seller and gr., registered (a) _, passport series _ No. _, issued by _ _ , date of issue _ on the other hand ... "

“Unified products made of rubber and plastics 1.1. Support rubber shock absorbers (mm). Image Material Name Unit ismBasic dimensions, mm D d D1 d1 l L Shock absorber pcs. 12 7 14 3.5 5 9 Depreciation...»

“The lesson is a repetition of the Kingdom of Bacteria, Fungi, Plants. For division into teams, give each student pictures with algae, mosses, ferns, conifers and flowering plants. On the board are pictures of bacteria, fungi, algae, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and flowers ... "

"Volume I. Regulations on Territorial Planning 2014 of the Municipal Formation of the VILLAGE OF KRASNOKUMSKY Georgievsky District of the Stavropol Territory MAIN PLAN Municipal Contract: No. _ 2014 Customer: Administration of the Municipal Formation ... "

"YU. N. RoerichTO THE STUDY OF KALACHAKRA Asia. Most of the big...”