Indefinite form rule. What is the indefinite form of the verb and what is its role. Specific syntactic roles of the verb in the initial form

Indefinite form of the verb (infinitive) is the initial form of the verb. Verbs in the indefinite form answer questions what to do? or what to do?, For example:

(what to do?) play, walk, watch

Verbs in the indefinite form have suffixes -th or -ti, For example:

standing be, reach ti

Verbs whose root ends in -whose, do not have suffixes -th And -ti, For example:

le whose, stri whose

The indefinite form of the verb does not indicate either time, or number, or person, it only names the action. Compare examples:

We play hide-and-seek.

Play- funny.

Verb play indicates present tense, plural and 2nd person. Verb play is in indefinite form. He only names the action, but does not indicate either the time, or the number, or the person.

The indefinite form of the verb is often used with words need, can, can't, For example:

you need to do, you can run, you can’t hooligan

Auxiliary verbs

Verbs I can, I will, I will, I want And know how called auxiliary. They are used together with verbs in the indefinite form, for example:

Can play

start speak

will be mischievous

Want walk

know how paint

Auxiliary verbs can change in tense, gender, and number, for example:

Lesson topic: "Indefinite form of verbs."

It is called indefinite, because neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender of the verb can be determined from it.

Listen to the poem, find the verbs.

It's good, friends, to walk

On the trail with a backpack.

It's great to jump across the field

Riding a horse.

It's also nice to take the express -

flashes in the window there is a meadow and a forest.

Slide good for the waves

On a sea ship.

But it's better to race in the sky

On a steel liner. (I. Kholin)

Walk, jump (what to do?),

sit down (what to do?),

slide (what to do), rush (what to do?).

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

Verb flicker(what will he do?) is used in the form of the future tense, singular, 3rd person. You will learn to identify the face of verbs in grade 4.

Find out Pushkin's fairy tales, from which excerpts were taken, and find in them verbs that are in an indefinite form. How do you distinguish them?

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do?

The mirror property had:

It speaks well...

“You, queen, are sweeter than all,

All blush and whiter.

And the queen laugh

And shrug your shoulders

And wink your eyes

And snap your fingers...

The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Bogatyrs.

Verbs in the indefinite form:

what to do?

speak

laugh

shake

wink

snap

Tsar Dadon in his old age wanted

Take a break from military affairs

And make yourself calm.

Here the neighbors disturb

Became an old king

Doing terrible harm to him.

So that the ends of their possessions

Protect from attacks

He should have kept

Numerous army.

"The Tale of the Golden Cockerel".

what to do?

bother

guard

what to do?

relax

arrange

If you want, remember.

Verbs that answer the question what to do? are imperfective verbs. Verbs that answer the question what to do? are perfective verbs.

Verbs that answer the questions what to do? and what to do?, are considered different words, even if they are the same root. They differ from each other in some parts of the basis and therefore are different in meaning.

What to do?

laugh

shake

speak

What to do?

for laughing

reap

before talking

laugh - laugh

The words are distinguished by the prefix za- (the prefix za- means "to start the action").

shake(root press -) - shake(root zha-)

The verb to shake refers to an action that is performed often (repeatedly), the verb to shake refers to an action that is performed once (once).

speak - agree

The words are distinguished by the prefix do- (the prefix do- means "finish the action").

In order not to switch from one verb to another, you need to follow the prefix in the question.

1. Put a question to the form of the verb and find out if there is a prefix C in the question - or not.

2. Ask a question of indefinite form with or without the prefix C-.

3. Name the indefinite form of the desired verb.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty(go , get out , find , carry , crawl ). Scientists have not yet agreed on how to call this part of the word. Some consider it an ending, while others consider it a suffix.

Sometimes the indefinite form of the verb ends in -chi, but these letters are part of the root:

guard - guard(root guard-, guard-), lie down - lie down(root lie-, lie down-).

In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь. It is also written after the letter h (-ch) - this is the spelling for the rule: ь in the indefinite form of the verb.

Determine the tense of the verbs and find the indefinite form.

flowed- what did you do?, prosh.v., what to do?, leak(root tech-flow)

shearing- what do I do ?, present in., what to do ?, cut(root cut-cut)

save save(root shore-protect)

I will carry away- what will I do ?, bud.v., what to do ?, captivate(root attract-attract)

Vowel letters in the indefinite form of verbs before -t are most often suffixes. They can be different: -a, -e, -i, -i, -o.

If they are unstressed, then there is always a spelling in their place. These letters-suffixes cannot be determined by the rule, they can only be learned from a dictionary and memorized.

Suffix -a: hear, swim, jump, listen

Suffix -e: see, offend, depend

Suffix -i: build, iron, cook, glue, put, build

Suffix -i: bark, melt, winnow, sow

Let's find the verb in the indefinite form.

The wind is barely audible,

Linden sighs by the garden...

Sensitive music lives everywhere -

In the rustle of grass

In the noise of oak forests

You just need to listen.(V. Semernin)

What is he doing?, sings, sighs, lives- verbs in the present tense.

What to do?, listen - verb in the indefinite form.

Verbs often have a special suffix -sya or -s. It is special because it is after -Т. To distinguish it from other suffixes, scientists gave it its own name - postfix ("attached after").

Form indefinite verbs using the given suffixes and prefixes.

Prefixes VZ-, ON-, PRI-, FROM-.

Roots -DREM-, -CASHL-, -DANCE-.

Suffixes -IVA-, -NU-, -YVA-, -А-, -Я-, -СЯ.

Take a nap - prefix vz-, suffix -well-,

on drowsiness - prefix on-, suffix -a,

for coughing - prefix po-, suffix -i-,

from coughing - prefix from-, suffix -i-,

dance - prefix po-, suffix -a-,

when dancing - prefix at-, suffix -yva-,

from dancing - prefix from-, suffix -yva-.

Who is eating.

The proboscis fly can only suck up liquid food. Some butterflies have incisor-like teeth at the end of their proboscis, with which they can gnaw through fruit peels and drink their juice! Eight flexible tentacles with suction cups help the octopus grab and hold any prey very tightly. With a long neck, a giraffe is able to reach tree shoots. A snail living in a shell is able to cut and grind food with its tongue. The spider can produce sticky silk for a web in which insects must fall. There are cobwebs with lids, then the prey cannot escape from it.

Can (what to do?) suck,

can (what to do?) gnaw and drink,

help (what to do?) grab and hold,

able (what to do?) to get,

capable (what to do?) to cut and grind,

can (what to do?) develop,

should (what to do?) get caught,

what to do? don't slip away.

During holidays.

Well early in the summer….and…to the lake. It's nice ... in the sun, ... in clear water, ... mushrooms, berries in the forest, ... birds singing. Interesting ....for the behavior of insects, ....with friends in football. It is useful ... in the garden and in the garden, ... for the elders in the household.

During holidays.

It's good in summer to get up early (what to do?) and (what to do?) go to the lake. It’s nice (what to do?) to sunbathe in the sun, (what to do?) to swim in clear water, (what to do?) to pick mushrooms, berries in the forest, (what to do?) to listen to birdsong. It is interesting (what to do?) to observe the behavior of insects, (what to do?) to play football with friends. It is useful (what to do?) to work in the garden and in the garden, (what to do?) to help the elders with the housework.

How to cook pancakes.

It is necessary (take) half a liter of kefir, (add) a little salt, sugar and soda, (beat) one egg and (pour) into this mass, (add) flour and everything (mix). You can (bake).

Let's put the verbs in the indefinite form.

take - what do we do ?, what to do ?, take

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

whip - what do we do ?, what to do ?, beat

pour out - what shall we do?, what shall we do?, pour out

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

mix - what do we do ?, what to do ?, mix

bake - what do we do ?, what to do ?, oven

How to cook pancakes.

You need to take half a liter of kefir, add a little salt, sugar and soda, beat one egg and pour into this mass, add flour and mix everything. You can bake.

(What to do?) Dress or wear? These two words are often confused.

The verbs put on and put on are similar, but they have different meanings.

You can dress someone, but only wear something for yourself.

So it's correct to say:

put on (something)

form

coat

shoes

dress

costume

dress (someone)

child

doll

girl

sick

baby

In the lesson, you learned that verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty, sometimes in -ch. In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь.

M.S.Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Workbook. Grade 3: in 3 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
TV Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T. V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003
G.T Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 classes. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008

School-collection.edu.ru ().
Cdo.omrc.ru ().
Oldskola1.narod.ru ().

Read the poem. What is the main part of speech in it? Indicate in what form the words of this part of speech are used? Emphasize this form.

Don't stop me from dreaming!

I'd like a bag of candy

Expand, chew, suck,

Smack, smack, gobble,

Long, long do not swallow,

Enjoy, savor.

Put questions to these verbs. Form an indefinite form from them and emphasize the sign of the initial form.

I carried, I ran, I whistled, I drove, I cut, I searched, I drew.

Write out the verbs in the indefinite form from the poem in two columns.

What to do? What to do?

You don't have to go to your mom...

No need to beg your sister...

You don't have to call

No need to wait

Lesson topic: "Indefinite form of verbs."

It is called indefinite, because neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender of the verb can be determined from it.

Listen to the poem, find the verbs.

It's good, friends, to walk

On the trail with a backpack.

It's great to jump across the field

Riding a horse.

It's also nice to take the express -

flashes in the window there is a meadow and a forest.

Slide good for the waves

On a sea ship.

But it's better to race in the sky

On a steel liner. (I. Kholin)

Walk, jump (what to do?),

sit down (what to do?),

slide (what to do), rush (what to do?).

Verb flicker(what will he do?) is used in the form of the future tense, singular, 3rd person. You will learn to identify the face of verbs in grade 4.

Find out Pushkin's fairy tales, from which excerpts were taken, and find in them verbs that are in an indefinite form. How do you distinguish them?

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do?

The mirror property had:

It speaks well...

“You, queen, are sweeter than all,

All blush and whiter.

And the queen laugh

And shrug your shoulders

And wink your eyes

And snap your fingers...

The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Bogatyrs.

Verbs in the indefinite form:

what to do?

speak

laugh

shake

wink

snap

Tsar Dadon in his old age wanted

Take a break from military affairs

And make yourself calm.

Here the neighbors disturb

Became an old king

Doing terrible harm to him.

So that the ends of their possessions

Protect from attacks

He should have kept

Numerous army.

"The Tale of the Golden Cockerel".

what to do?

bother

guard

what to do?

relax

arrange

If you want, remember.

Verbs that answer the question what to do? are imperfective verbs. Verbs that answer the question what to do? are perfective verbs.

What to do?

laugh

shake

speak

What to do?

for laughing

reap

before talking

laugh - laugh

The words are distinguished by the prefix za- (the prefix za- means "to start the action").

shake(root press -) - shake(root zha-)

The verb to shake refers to an action that is performed often (repeatedly), the verb to shake refers to an action that is performed once (once).

speak - agree

The words are distinguished by the prefix do- (the prefix do- means "finish the action").

In order not to switch from one verb to another, you need to follow the prefix in the question.

1. Put a question to the form of the verb and find out if there is a prefix C in the question - or not.

2. Ask a question of indefinite form with or without the prefix C-.

3. Name the indefinite form of the desired verb.

Sometimes the indefinite form of the verb ends in -chi, but these letters are part of the root:

guard - guard(root guard-, guard-), lie down - lie down(root lie-, lie down-).

Determine the tense of the verbs and find the indefinite form.

flowed- what did you do?, prosh.v., what to do?, leak(root tech-flow)

shearing- what do I do ?, present in., what to do ?, cut(root cut-cut)

save save(root shore-protect)

I will carry away- what will I do ?, bud.v., what to do ?, captivate(root attract-attract)

Vowel letters in the indefinite form of verbs before -t are most often suffixes. They can be different: -a, -e, -i, -i, -o.

If they are unstressed, then there is always a spelling in their place. These letters-suffixes cannot be determined by the rule, they can only be learned from a dictionary and memorized.

Suffix -a: hear, swim, jump, listen

Suffix -e: see, offend, depend

Suffix -i: build, iron, cook, glue, put, build

Suffix -i: bark, melt, winnow, sow

Let's find the verb in the indefinite form.

The wind is barely audible,

Linden sighs by the garden...

Sensitive music lives everywhere -

In the rustle of grass

In the noise of oak forests

You just need to listen.(V. Semernin)

What is he doing?, sings, sighs, lives- verbs in the present tense.

What to do?, listen - verb in the indefinite form.

Verbs often have a special suffix -sya or -s. It is special because it is after -Т. To distinguish it from other suffixes, scientists gave it its own name - postfix ("attached after").

Form indefinite verbs using the given suffixes and prefixes.

Prefixes VZ-, ON-, PRI-, FROM-.

Roots -DREM-, -CASHL-, -DANCE-.

Suffixes -IVA-, -NU-, -YVA-, -А-, -Я-, -СЯ.

Take a nap - prefix vz-, suffix -well-,

on drowsiness - prefix on-, suffix -a,

for coughing - prefix po-, suffix -i-,

from coughing - prefix from-, suffix -i-,

dance - prefix po-, suffix -a-,

when dancing - prefix at-, suffix -yva-,

from dancing - prefix from-, suffix -yva-.

Who is eating.

Can (what to do?) suck,

can (what to do?) gnaw and drink,

help (what to do?) grab and hold,

able (what to do?) to get,

capable (what to do?) to cut and grind,

can (what to do?) develop,

should (what to do?) get caught,

what to do? don't slip away.

During holidays.

How to cook pancakes.

It is necessary (take) half a liter of kefir, (add) a little salt, sugar and soda, (beat) one egg and (pour) into this mass, (add) flour and everything (mix). You can (bake).

Let's put the verbs in the indefinite form.

take - what do we do ?, what to do ?, take

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

whip - what do we do ?, what to do ?, beat

pour out - what shall we do?, what shall we do?, pour out

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

mix - what do we do ?, what to do ?, mix

bake - what do we do ?, what to do ?, oven

How to cook pancakes.

You need to take half a liter of kefir, add a little salt, sugar and soda, beat one egg and pour into this mass, add flour and mix everything. You can bake.

(What to do?) Dress or wear? These two words are often confused.

The verbs put on and put on are similar, but they have different meanings.

You can dress someone, but only wear something for yourself.

So it's correct to say:

put on (something)

form

coat

shoes

dress

costume

dress (someone)

child

doll

girl

sick

baby

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty, sometimes in -ch. In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь.

M.S.Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko “To the secrets of our language” Russian language: Workbook. Grade 3: in 3 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
TV Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T. V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003
G.T. Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 classes. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008

School-collection.edu.ru ().
Cdo.omrc.ru ().
Oldskola1.narod.ru ().

Read the poem. What is the main part of speech in it? Indicate in what form the words of this part of speech are used? Emphasize this form.

Don't stop me from dreaming!

I'd like a bag of candy

Expand, chew, suck,

Smack, smack, gobble,

Long, long do not swallow,

Enjoy, savor.

Put questions to these verbs. Form an indefinite form from them and emphasize the sign of the initial form.

I carried, I ran, I whistled, I drove, I cut, I searched, I drew.

Write out the verbs in the indefinite form from the poem in two columns.

What to do? What to do?

You don't have to go to your mom...

No need to beg your sister...

You don't have to call

No need to wait

Knowledge of any language is unthinkable without knowledge of the basic units of speech. No less important are grammatical rules that allow all parts of speech to be harmoniously connected with each other using cases, prepositions, and conjugations. Russian is a predicative language, it uses action categories or verb constructions more often. When getting acquainted with this part of speech, students will learn how it is formed and what the indefinite form of the verb is.

In the textbook for grade 4, when children get acquainted with this concept, a rule is given.

The indefinite form of the verb is the initial and invariable form from which all verbal parts of speech (participles, verbal adjectives) and forms of the verb formed during conjugation are formed.

What questions does the indefinite form answer: what to do? (what to do?).

The indefinite form in linguistics is called the term "infinitive" (from Latin Infinitus). By the infinitive, it is impossible to say who and when performs any action (for example, “to walk”: it is not clear who and when did it, there is no indication of either the number or the time). His morphological features are suffixes -t (-ti) (for example, id ti, saying be) or root ending in -ch (for example, le whose, se whose).

Peculiarities

The indefinite form of the verb does not change. This is the peculiarity of the infinitive, so it cannot be conjugated or otherwise changed.

The initial form of a verb can only have permanent features:

Conjugation (1st, 2nd, different conjugations).
Return (returnable, irrevocable).
Transitivity (transitive or intransitive).
View (imperfect or perfect).

The infinitive is devoid of signs of person, time or number, so it is impossible to tell from it who and when performs the action.

How to find the infinitive

For those who are learning Russian as a foreign language or for children who do not read enough, the issue of finding the infinitive can present some difficulties. How to find the indefinite form of a verb.

Those who know Russian at the level of their native language, as a rule, do not experience any special difficulties with this. How to put the verb in an indefinite form: mentally ask questions of the infinitive - “what to do?” or “what to do?”.

The infinitive can also be defined in another way:

Find out what form the verb in the sentence belongs to.
“Cut off” the personal endings that appear during conjugation, and (if necessary) the past tense suffix -l-.
Substitute the infinitive suffix -t (-ti) for the rest or simply ask the appropriate question.

Let's look at the following example: "They diligently wrote letters in a notebook." The initial form in this case will be "prescribe".

How we defined it:

We ask the question: They (what did they do?) Prescribed.
The question "what did you do?" indicates that the verb is imperfective (without the prefix “s”), which means that to determine the infinitive, you also need to ask without the prefix “s”: “what to do?”.
We remove the ending -And and the past tense suffix –l-. We have: prescription-.
We substitute the infinitive suffix -t for the rest of the word: (what to do?) - prescribe.

Note that in this case, you can make a mistake and call “prescribe” as an answer, this will be wrong, since “prescribe” answers the question “what to do?”, That is, it stands in its perfect form.

Important! When determining the initial form, it is necessary to put a question to the verb in the sentence itself in order to determine its form.

A hint on how not to make a mistake when determining the (in) perfect form: in the infinitive, all prefixes and suffixes (with the exception of the past tense suffix -l-) of the form of the verb with which you are working in the text are preserved.

Note! In the process of searching for N.F. you can go in two ways: ask the question - "what to do?" or “what to do?”, or follow the above method.

syntax function

What is the role of the indefinite form of the verb in the sentence. It can perform various syntactic functions. A summary of the possible members of the sentence, expressed by the infinitive, is given in the table:

The infinitive as an object is almost never found. However, in the sentence “He ordered coffee to be served”, “serve” can be interpreted as an addition (ordered what?).

Definition online

If you find it difficult to determine the initial form yourself or are not sure that you did it correctly, you can check yourself using online services for.

Since the definition of the infinitive is a mandatory part of it, you can go to any web page that offers this service and enter the desired verb in the form in which it is used in the sentence.

The first word that will be indicated will be N.f. verb..

Note that, in general, the ability to determine parts of speech, change them by person, number, tense, largely depends on innate literacy and linguistic instinct. But even if this is not all right, learning what questions an indefinite form answers is not so difficult. For the rest, follow the above schemes and tips.

To consolidate (or form) knowledge on this topic, a number of tasks and exercises can be recommended:

Distinguishing parts of speech with similar endings (put a cast-iron in the oven (n.) - bake pies (ch.), Sing, come here! (proper name) - sing songs (ch.)).
Transforming an imperfective verb into a perfective verb and vice versa.
The formation of a verb from a noun (for example, travel - to travel, food - to eat, trip - to travel).

With practice, the necessary skills will come.

Useful video: Indefinite form of the verb

In contact with

The ability to form an indefinite form, to recognize it in the text, to distinguish it from other forms of the verb is necessary not only in the study of the verb, but also in the formation of its forms. Various tasks, exercises, work with tables will help develop this skill.

In school practice, to identify an indefinite form, the teacher most often uses only questions (what to do?) (What to do?), Paying little attention to a detailed acquaintance with this form. For example, errors are very common in the definition of verbs such as carry, protect. However, these errors can be prevented if, already upon acquaintance with an indefinite form, such a table is offered to students.

This table will help to recognize the indefinite form by external formal signs (final -ty, -ch or -ty). The number of verbs in the indefinite form in -ti and –ch is small. Students should be introduced to the most common of them:

Verbs in -ti:

go, go, drag, carry, lead, row, revenge, carry, find to graze, weave, crawl, grow, scrape, shake, bloom.

These verbs can be included in the exercises.

1. From various forms of verbs in -ti, form an indefinite form: sweeps - revenge, carried - carry, etc.

2. Put these verbs in the form of the 1st person singular: row - row, find - find, etc.

3. From these verbs with the help of various prefixes, form new ones: weave - braid, weave, weave, etc.

4. Using the verbs to carry, rake, revenge, go, come, carry, compose a coherent text on the topic “On a subbotnik”.

Similar work is carried out with verbs in -ch.

Verbs in -ch:

cherish, reach, burn, lie down, clothe, doom, renounce, bake, help, neglect, shear, guard, flog, flow, crush, captivate, harness

Very often, children form non-literary forms from verbs in -ch: “burns”, “teket”, etc. To avoid this, you need to lead them to the conclusion that only in the 1st person singular and in the 3rd person plural the numbers of these verbs retain the sounds g and k (burn - burn, bake - bake), and in other forms there is an alternation of g - f and k - h (burn - burn, burn, burn, burn; flow - flow, flow, flow , flow).

Accordingly, the reverse operation also makes it difficult for students, that is, the formation of an indefinite form from personal forms of verbs, for example: shore, reach, lie down, flow, get carried away, shear, renounce, guard.

Students also experience difficulties in the formation of an indefinite form from impersonal verbs (by the way, matching the 3rd person and the indefinite form is especially important from the point of view of spelling), so it is useful to practice tasks such as finding an indefinite form from impersonal verbs: it gets dark early (twilight) .

I want to sleep, it becomes cool, I feel the approach of spring, it seems quite adult.

How well the students learned to find the indefinite form from which the verb is formed will be shown by the results of such a task.

Write out verbs from each sentence and choose an indefinite form for them.

1) The boy walked barefoot, and carried his shoes in a bag.

2) I cleaned the kettle, got some water and went to the fire.

3) The old man smiles, winks, squats down.

4) The short summer night was leaving, in the east the dawn was already reddening, the stars were slowly fading.

5) It's getting dark outside, but we don't want to go back.

6) Styopka spread his arms and lies on his back, his hat is lying on the sand.

7) Evening shadows fall on the ground, merge, fill the streets with darkness.

Spelling work in the study of an indefinite form can be accompanied by work on the development of speech,

1. Choose synonyms for these verbs (also verbs in an indefinite form).

Be timid (fear), argue (prove), submit (obey), motivate (justify), command (send), restore (restore), export (export), import (import), discuss (argue), stimulate (encourage), blame (reproach, reproach), hope (hope), study (study), cherish (undead, cherish), zealous (try), oppose (object)

2. Choose antonyms for these verbs (also verbs in an indefinite form).

Punish (forgive), rush (slow down), chat (be silent), praise (scold), extinguish (ignite), chill (warm up), cry (laugh), start (end), agree (object), appear (disappear), spoil (fix), love (hate), climb (sink), thaw (freeze), rest (work), dawn (dusk), cool (heat), despair (hope), build (destroy), work (idle).

3. Replace these phrases with verbs that are similar in meaning.

To languish from idleness (to be bored), to fish (to fish), to win (to win), to be afraid (to be afraid), to send a telegram (telegraph), to go back (to return), to improve in something (to qualify), to undergo an exam (to be examined ), understand something (orient), regain consciousness (wake up), move to another country (emigrate), confess mistakes (repent), release from charges (rehabilitate).

4. Explain the meaning of phraseological units with the help of synonymous verbs. Make sentences with phraseological units.

Beat with a brow (ask), beat the bucks (idle), bring to clean water (expose), chop on the nose (remember), turn up the nose (be proud), nod (doze off), pout the lips (offended), hang your head (be despondent) , come to your senses (come to your senses).

Exercises on various replacements should be carried out throughout the study of the verb (2-3 minutes at the end of the lesson). Some attention should also be paid to paronyms, that is, words that are different in meaning, but similar in pronunciation, such as: gape - shine, import - export, put on - dress, reject - refute, present - provide, etc. These words you can pronounce it in class, write it out in a student dictionary, include it in dictations, come up with sentences with them; it is useful to look up their meanings in the explanatory dictionary.

When repeating morphology in high school, students should remember that verbs in the indefinite form can be different members of a sentence: subject (To study is always useful), predicate (Our task is to study), definition (I got the opportunity to study), addition (We agreed to study only good and excellent), circumstance (The guys came to the city to study).

The suggestions below will help consolidate this information.

1) I went out into the air to freshen up (L.).

2) Riding this horse was a pleasure for Rostov (L.T.).

3) I lay down on the camp bed to rest a little (T.).

4) I saw the need to change the conversation (P.).

5) I have an innate passion to contradict (L.).

6) The sun was just beginning to rise (L.T.).