To die is a phrasal verb. Talking about death. About death in English. How to remember the forms of irregular verbs

Verb- this is an independent part of speech that answers the questions what to do ?, what to do? (be, learn, dream, go…)

According to the method of formation of past tense forms (V2) and past participles (V3), all English verbs are divided into 2 groups: regular (Regular Verbs) and irregular verbs (Irregular verbs).

The English verb has three forms. The verb forms are denoted by Roman numerals I, II, III.

I form(or an infinitive without to), for example: to make (to do) - make - the first, or main form that answers the question what to do ?, what to do? With the help of the first form of the verb, the Present Simple Tense is formed. When forming Present Simple Tense, the ending is added to the I form of the verb in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it - he, she, it) -s or -es(he jumpes, she jumpes, it jumpes, he cries, she cries, it cries, he does, she does, it does) . With the rest of the pronouns (I, we, you, you, they - I, we, you, you, they), the I form of the verb is used unchanged.

II form serves to form the simple past tense (Past Simple Tense). When forming the simple past tense, both regular and irregular verbs are used. Regular verbs form II and III forms by adding the suffix form I to the stem –ed(jump - jumped - jump - jumped) . If the verb is not correct, then its past tense form corresponds to the second column in the table regular verbs(be - was / were, do - did, make - made).

III form- Participle II (Participle II) - a special form of the verb that denotes a sign of an object by action and answers the questions of an adjective (lost, baked, done). For regular verbs III, the form coincides with II: jump (I) - jumped (II) - jumped (III) (jump - jumped - jumped). II and III forms of irregular verbs can be formed different ways below.

Regular verbs

Regular verbs form II and III forms by adding the suffix form I to the stem – ed (- d), which is pronounced like:

[ d] after vowels and voiced consonants: to clean (clean) - cleaned (cleaned); to play (play) - played (played);
[ t] after the deaf: to work (work) - worked (worked), to look (watch) - looked (looked);
after [d] And [t]: to want (want) - wanted (wanted), to mend (repair) - mended (repaired).

When forming II and III forms of verbs, pay attention to the following spelling rules:

If the I form is a short root syllable and ends with one consonant, then when adding the ending –ed the last vowel of the root is doubled: to stop (stop) - sto pped(has stopped).
-y, preceded by a consonant, the letter y changes to i: to carry (carry) - carried (carried), to study (learn) - studied (studied). But if the stem of the verb ends in -y, which is preceded by a vowel, then the stem of the verb is simply added - ed: to play (play) - played (played), to stay (stay) - stayed (stayed).
If the stem of the verb ends in -e, which is not pronounced, then the II and III forms of the verb are formed by adding the ending - d: to arrive (arrive) - arrived (arrived).

Irregular Verbs

Irregular Verbs- these are verbs that have special, fixed forms of the past tense and participles, their forms do not have a clear education algorithm and are learned by memorizing: to make (to do) - made (done) - made (done). Most English irregular verbs are native English, derived from verbs that existed in ancient times. English language. Most irregular verbs exist as remnants of historical systems of conjugation (changing the verb by person - I'm coming, you're coming, he's coming...).

Irregular verbs are used to form the past simple (Past Simple), present perfect (Present Simple), past perfect tenses (Past Perfect), in the passive voice (Passive voice), when converting direct speech into indirect (Reported speech), in conditional sentences(Conditional sentences).

table of irregular verbs

Infinitive		past tense		Past Participle		Translation
arise	[ə"raiz]	arose	[ə"rəuz]	arisen	[ə"riz(ə)n]	arise, appear
wake up	[ə"weik]	awoke	[ə"wəuk]	awoken	[ə"wəukən]	wake up, wake up
be		was, were	,	been		be
bear		bore		born		give birth, bring
beat		beat		beaten	["bi:tn]	beat
become		became		become		become
begin		started		begun		start off)
bend		bent		bent		bend, bend
bind		bound		bound		bind
bite		bit		bitten	["bɪtn]	bite)
bleed		bled		bled		bleed
blow		blew		blown		blow
break		broke		broken	["broukən]	break)
breed		bred		bred		bring up
bring		brought		brought		bring
build		built		built		build
burn		burnt		burnt		burn, burn
burst		burst		burst		explode, explode
buy		bought		bought		buy
cast		cast		cast		throw, pour (metal)
catch		caught		caught		catch, seize
choose		chose		chosen	["tʃouzən]	choose, pick
come		came		come		come
cost		cost		cost		cost
cut		cut		cut		cut
dig		arc		arc		dig, dig
do		did		done		do
draw		drew		drawn		draw, draw
dream		dream		dream		dream, dream
drink		drank		drunk		drink
drive		drove		driven	["drɪvən]	drive
eat		ate		eaten	["i:tn]	There is
fall		fell		fallen	["fɔ:lən]	fall
feed		fed		fed		feed
feel		felt		felt		feel
fight		fought		fought		fight
find		found		found		find
fit		fit		fit		fit in size
fly		flew		flown		fly
forget		forgot		forgotten		forget
forgive		forgave		forgiven		forgive
freeze		frozen		frozen	["frouzən]	freeze
get		got		got		receive
give		gave		given	["gɪvən]	give
go		went		gone		go, walk
grow		grew		grown		grow
hang		hung		hung		hang, hang
have		had		had		have
hear		heard		heard		hear
hide		hidden		hidden	["hɪdn]	hide
hit		hit		hit		hit the target
hold		held		held		hold
hurt		hurt		hurt		hurt, bruise
keep		kept		kept		keep, save
kneel		knelt		knelt		kneel
knit		knit		knit		knit (knitting needles)
know		knew		known		know
lay		laid		laid		put
lead		led		led		lead, lead
lean		lean		lean		tilt
learn		learned		learned		learn
leave		left		left		leave, leave
lend		lent		lent		borrow, borrow
let		let		let		let
lie		lay		lain		lie
light		lit		lit		illuminate, ignite
lose		lost		lost		lose
make		made		made		do
mean		meant		meant		to mean
meet		met		met		meet
mistake		mistook		mistaken		make mistakes
pay		paid		paid		to pay
put		put		put		put, put
read		read		read		read
ride		rode		ridden	["rɪdn]	ride
ring		rank		rung		call, call
rise		rose		rising	["rɪzən]	get up
run		ran		run		run away
say		said		said		speak
see		saw		seen		see
seek		sought		sought		search
sell		sold		sold		sell
send		sent		sent		send
set		set		set		put, put
shake	[ʃeɪk]	shook	[ʃʊk]	shaken	["ʃeɪkən]	shake
shine	[ʃaɪn]	shone	[ʃoun, ʃɒn]	shone	[ʃoun, ʃɒn]	to shine, shine, shine
shoot	[ʃu:t]	shot	[ʃɒt]	shot	[ʃɒt]	fire
show	[ʃou]	showed	[ʃoud]	shown	[ʃoun]	show
shrink	[ʃriŋk]	shrank	[ʃræŋk]	shrunk	[ʃrʌŋk]	sit down (about the material), decrease (sya), reduce (sya)
shut	[ʃʌt]	shut	[ʃʌt]	shut	[ʃʌt]	close
sing		sang		sung		sing
sink		sank		sunk		drown
sit		sat		sat		sit
sleep		slept		slept		sleep
smell		smelt		smelt		smell, smell
slide		slide		slide		slide
sow		sowed		sown		sow, sow
smell		smelled		smelled		smell, smell
speak		spoke		spoken	["spoukən]	speak
spell		spelt		spelt		to spell
spend		spent		spent		spend
spill		spilt		spilt		shed
sleep		spat		spat		spit
split		split		split		split
spoil		spoilt		spoilt		spoil
spread		spread		spread		spread
stand		stood		stood		stand
steal		stole		stolen	["stoulən]	steal
stick		stuck		stuck		to stick, to stick, to stick
sting		stung		stung		sting
strike		struck		struck		hit, strike
striving		strove		striving	["strɪvn]	try, strive
wear		swore		sworn		take an oath
sweep		swept		swept		revenge, sweep
swim		swam		swum		swim
take		took		taken	["teɪkən]	take, take
teach		taught		taught		learn
tear		tore		torn		tear
tell		told		told		tell
think	[θɪŋk]	thought	[θɔ:t]	thought	[θɔ:t]	think
throw	[θrou]	threw	[θru:]	thrown	[θroun]	throw
understand	[ʌndər "stænd]	understood	[ʌndər"stʊd]	understood	[ʌndər"stʊd]	understand
upset	[ʌp"set]	upset	[ʌp"set]	upset	[ʌp"set]	upset, upset (plans), upset
wake		woke		woken	["woukən]	wake up
wear		wore		worn		wear
weep		wept		wept		cry
wet		wet		wet		wet, moisturize
win		won		won		win, win
wind		wound		wound		writhing, winding, winding (clock)
write		wrote		written	["rɪtn]	write

How to remember forms of irregular verbs?

Die, my Doctor? That's the last thing I am going to do!
Die, my doctor? Yes, that's the last thing I'm going to do!

In Slavic culture, it is not customary to talk about death. Most often, the most negative emotions connect us with this concept. Naturally, you shouldn't talk about bad things. But for the next 20 minutes, I would like to ask you to forget the emotional part of death. Just try to be pragmatic about this article: "I need to know how to talk about death in English, because, unfortunately, this is what happens in our imperfect world every day."

Die, death, dead

The very first verb that we meet on the topic is the verb die(die). past form died(died). The most common mistake in spelling a verb occurs in tense Continuous when to say "dying now". We remember that -ie remove and add y = dying.
If I die, remember me in your prayers. If I die, remember me in your prayers.

She was proud to tell him that his son died a hero. She proudly told him that his son had died a hero.

She is dying of cancer. She is dying of cancer.

Incidentally, the verb die can be used not only in relation to people, but also to inanimate objects. Can die:
- Hope ( dying hope).
- Phone battery when the phone runs out of power ( my cell phone is about to die My phone is about to run out of battery.
- Memories ( her memory of you will never die Her memories of you will never die.)
- industry, art, craft farming is dying in this area farming is dying out in this area).
When we are itching to do something, we can use die in the meaning of "Wow, how I want something!".

I'm just dying to see your wedding ring! It must be very lovely! - I'm just burning with the desire to see your wedding ring! It must be very cute!
Death is the noun "death", and that's how it's spelled -th at the end. This noun can be Countable(countable) if we are talking about several deaths. Death used as Uncountable(uncountable) when talking about the dead state in general.
Nearly all deaths are preventable. Almost all deaths are preventable.

It was evident that Bob was very close to death. It was obvious that Bob was close to death.
Dead is an adjective. We remember that an adjective describes a noun or a pronoun.
The police don't know if she is dead or not. The police don't know if she's alive or not.

There is one interesting grammatical phenomenon in English, smart people call it "substantiation of adjectives". On the fingers: was an adjective criminal case(criminal case), became a noun the criminal(criminal). The same goes for our word. dead sometimes used as a noun. Do you know the series The Walking Dead " ("The walking Dead")? Dead needed here as a name for these zombie creatures. And further dead as a noun can be found in the expression in the dead of night / at the dead of night- in the middle of the night, at the darkest and most terrible time of the day.

The prisoners managed to escape in the dead of the night. The prisoners were able to escape in the middle of the night.

Let's sum up:

His dog is dead. – His dog is dead.
Its death was not a surprise.“Her death was not something unexpected.
It died two weeks ago. She died 2 weeks ago.
It was dying from an incurable disease for a month. She was dying of an incurable disease within a month.

Synonyms for die

You know, linguists are very observant people. They study not only the functioning of the language, but also the reasons that led to certain phenomena in the language. Now, these linguists noticed that some words have more synonyms than others. Why do we come up with many synonyms for one word, while depriving others of our attention? The reason is simple: the more interesting a phenomenon is for us, the more synonyms you will find in the language. Scientifically it is called The law of synonymic attraction(the law of attraction of synonyms). For example, the phenomenon money(money) - and he is very interested in people - has more than 60 living, working synonyms in English! Death, as an integral and very emotional part of people's lives, also has many synonyms in English.

Do you need to know all the synonyms for the word "die" from the dictionary by heart? Of course not. But when reading books or watching films in English, it is very important to understand what was meant by to kick the bucket (slang- take a breath) and to join the silent majority (euphemism join the silent majority).

For convenience, I decided to divide synonyms into three groups: neutral, slang, euphemistic. WITH neutral And slang everything is clear: the first ones are the most frequently used and without emotional coloring, the second ones are colloquial phrases with which you need to be careful not to hurt the feelings of others, after all, the topic is sensitive. And the third group is euphemisms. This term It is easily explained: when I do not want to name an object or phenomenon in plain text, I begin to pick up some sublime synonym for it. Example:

She is pregnant. – She is pregnant. (neutral)
=
She is in delicate condition. She is in a special position. (euphemistic)

Neutral words

Phrase	Possible translation	A comment
to die	Die
To pass away	Die	A more polite phrase than to die
To pass on	Die	Not to be confused with pass out- lose consciousness
To depart this life	leave this life
Done for / About to die	Is about to die
To lose one's life	Lose life
On one's deathbed	On deathbed
to perish	perish

Slang words

Phrase	Possible translation	A comment
To bite the dust	Literally. chew dust	One of the phrases that came from westerns, where defeated opponents fell to the ground with bullet wounds
To blow someone's brains out	Blow someone's brains out	After shooting a gun to the head
To come to a sticky end	Come to a sad end	To die or suffer greatly, especially if the person deserves it
To count worms / To be food for worms	Count worms / Become food for worms	The phrase has a derogatory connotation
To go home in a box	Coming home in a box
To kick the bucket	Die (lit. hit the bucket)	Strong disregard. Origin: when people were hanged, they put a bucket under their feet, which they then kicked out
One's number is up	Someone's days are over
To pop one's clogs	glue slippers	Clogs- shoes worn by working people in Britain. To pop- derived from pawn(lay down). A man pawned his shoes when he no longer needed them
To push up daisies	Died (lit. push daisies)	It means on the other hand, to “push” daisies out of the ground
to be six feet under	Lying 6 feet underground
To take a dirt nap	Die (lit. take a dirty nap)	"Dirty" refers to the earth
To kick in	okochuritsya
to croak	die
To turn up one's toes (heels)	Stretch your legs

euphemisms

Phrase	Possible translation	A comment
To join the great (silent) majority	Join the majority
To breathe one's last	Breathe your last breath
To be at peace / at rest	To be at peace, at peace
to make the ultimate sacrifice	Make the biggest sacrifice (your life)	Die often standing up for your rights and beliefs
To go to a better place	Go to a better world
To meet one's maker	Meet your creator	By "creator" is meant God.
To go to Davy Jones's locker	Go to the locker to Davy Jones	Marine: Davy Jones is an evil spirit that lives in the sea, and his locker is the ocean, the resting place of sailors
To go the way of all flesh	Walk the path of all living things
To go to one's reward	Go for your reward	It is believed that after the death of a person, a reward for all deeds awaits.
To be in Abraham's boss	Get into the bosom of Abraham	Biblical: go to heaven
To send one to eternity or to the Promised Land	Travel to eternity or the Promised Land	go to heaven
To take the last train to glory	Take the last train on the road to glory

Funeral procedure - funeral

Funeral ( funeral) in English-speaking countries have their own customs. In many ways, a funeral is similar to a memorial service ( memorial service). Both events are necessary to honor the life of a deceased loved one ( to honor the life of a deceased loved one). Funerals differ from memorial services in that at the funeral they honor the deceased and say goodbye directly to his body ( to memorialize a deceased person with their body present).

Nevertheless, both services are an important part of the farewell to the deceased ( an important part of the grieving process), because they give you the opportunity to share your memories and emotions with other people ( to share your memories associated with the deceased) and show support for the grieving family ( to show support to the bereaved family members).

The family of the deceased chooses a funeral home ( a funeral home), which will handle all the preparations ( for making all the arrangements). The service is conducted by the local priest ( minister), paster ( pastor), director of a funeral agency ( funeral director) or a funeral priest ( funeral celebrant). Next, we will note several obligatory stages of a funeral abroad.

The meeting- collection. It involves the introduction of a coffin ( a coffin) in church ( a church) or a chapel ( a chapel). This part is also called viewing or wake(remembrance). People approach the coffin and personally say goodbye to the person. The priest at this time reads encouraging lines from the Bible ( say reassuring words from the Bible). He then greets all those present he welcomes the attendees), sings a hymn ( sings a hymn), begs for forgiveness ( prays for forgiveness).
At the word coffin - coffin there is a synonym case. The difference is that a new coffin that has not yet been bought is called case, and the one where the human body already lies, - coffin.
Readings and Sermon- Reading and preaching. This stage includes Bible readings ( scriptural readings) psalms and hymns, followed by a sermon ( a sermon is preached) And thanksgiving prayers (prayers of thanksgiving) for the deceased and for the mourners at the funeral ( mourners). If one of the spouses dies, the woman becomes a widow ( widow), and the man is a widower ( widower). Widowhood - width, orphans - orphans.
Committal and blessing- burial and blessings. The body is taken to its resting place the body is committed to its resting place).

In Western culture, 3 ways of burying bodies are accepted: burial(burial in the ground) entombment(burial in a grave or mausoleum above ground, from English. tomb- grave, tombstone) or cremation(cremation). Cemetery - the last resting place, has several synonyms: cemetery, graveyard, churchyard. Non-religious funerals can be held in parks, gardens, community centers, restaurants, and even on the beach. On the headstone ( headstone, tombstone) you can often find the inscription R.I.P (rest in peace- rest in peace).

Words of comfort - comforting words

Most people don't know what to say at a funeral people are at a loss for words). In this case, it is best to simply hug the mourner ( to give a hug) and be near him ( just be there for a person). I offer a short list. set expressions, with the help of which they offer condolences at the funeral ( to express condolences at a funeral).

I am sorry to hear this shocking news. I am sorry to hear this shocking news.
I'm sorry for your loss. - I'm sorry for your loss.
I would like to give my condolences. - My condolences.
I wish I had all the right words, just want to let you know I am always there for you. - How I wish I had the right words now, I just want to tell you that I am always there.
The deceased will be sorely missed by friends and colleagues. - Friends and colleagues will greatly miss the deceased.
I do not know how you feel, but I am here to help you in any way I can. “I don’t know how you feel, but I’m ready to help in any way I can.
We all need help at times you can always count on me. “Sometimes we all need help, you can always count on me.
You and your loved one will be in my thoughts and prayers. You and your loved one will be in my thoughts and prayers.
My favorite memory of your loved one is...- My favorite memory of the deceased ...

I would also like to invite you to watch a video from a native speaker teacher with www.engvid.com. Don't be shocked by the teacher's style of narration James. Make allowance for the fact that Western culture has a slightly different attitude towards this topic.

I sincerely hope that you will need the proposed vocabulary for informational purposes only. And in the end I would like to stop on a small test. Be healthy!

Test

By the way, interestingly, the name D F comes from. The English verb [ is regular or regular, so its second and third past forms are formed according to the usual rules. The second form P of weak verbs is usually. On the improvement of the state. When conjugated with the infinitive, the form for the present is P I H. For technical reasons, the phone and may not be available on the afternoon of Friday, March 8! S, SS Troops otherwise WaffenSS German. His wife, Elion, was the group's second vocalist. The verb is correct, so the second and third forms are the same and are built by adding an ending. This page contains the lyrics of the song G E D F, as well as the translation of the song and the video or clip. In verbs to die, lie down, bind the letter before the suffix

Also watch the most important playlists 1 ENGLISH. D A is a rave group formed in 2008 in Cape Town, South Africa. Deep painful boredom L as hidden. The French post-industrial project D F was formed in the mid-70s by the artist. If the verb ends in e, add only die. Put the verbs in the second form. We are talking about verb forms. His wife, Ellyane, was the second member of the band and vocalist. MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. Shortly before the release of the second album D T E Connie R

The first second third form is a regular verb. This means that the second form of boredom cannot immediately be considered deeper, especially as noted. It is from the second form of the verb P through. Thanks a lot for any help! The past simple tense is given in the second column of the second form of the verb. The second good news for the regiment of bands honoring Her Majesty Melody has also arrived. The group consists of three musicians N, Yolandi Visser and DJ HT. D A released their first studio album in 2009 as a free download. Formation of 3 forms of the verb. Please help me to translate the text D K M A E. His wife, Ellyan, was the second member of the group, the vocalist and the participant of the shows held on stage

What is the second form of the verb in the word? ? ? We are talking about verb forms. Decree of the President Russian Federation April 5, 2016 English verbs the first form of an irregular verb, the second and third forms of irregular English verbs. Like all regular verbs, the second and third forms are no different. Past tense form P I, second form. The second form of the verb is mainly used to form the tense P I.