Bazaar's comparison. Bazarov and Kirsanov: comparative characteristics. Attitude towards ordinary people

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Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov and Yevgeny Bazarov are the central characters of I. S. Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons", representatives of the older and younger generations, between whom the conflict flares up. A comparative description of Pavel Kirsanov and Bazarov allows us to see the causes of the conflict between "fathers and children".

Bazarov's views

Evgeny Bazarov is a nihilist, a representative of the younger generation. Bazarov looks especially attractive, because the inner world is more important for him than appearance. The hero dresses casually, not paying attention to how he looks.

Evgeny Bazarov is a nihilist who denies all the norms and traditions recognized in society. For him there is no love, he does not see the value of art and nature. It is in nihilism that Bazarov sees the future of Russia, and the aristocracy, according to the hero, can only destroy it.

Kirsanov's views

Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov is a representative of the generation of "fathers". He belongs to the aristocracy, which he fiercely defends from the attacks of Bazarov. Pavel Petrovich pays special attention to his appearance, the author emphasizes his snow-white hands.

Traditions and laws of the past, according to Kirsanov, are undeniable. Everything innovative is perceived negatively by the hero.

comparison table

Both Bazarov and Kirsanov treat each other negatively. The table “Comparison: Evgeny Bazarov - Kirsanov” will help to understand the reasons for the conflict between the characters, which demonstrates not only the differences between the characters, but also their similarities.

This article, which will help write the essay "Pavel Kirsanov and Bazarov - Comparative characteristics”, consider the views of the representatives of the “fathers” and “children” and compare them with each other.

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Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich. Comparative characteristics. Table

Attitude towards the aristocracy

Kirsanov believes that the aristocracy is the key driving force behind the development of society. The ideal form of government, in his opinion, is a constitutional monarchy, which can be achieved through liberal reforms.

Bazarov notes the inability of the aristocrats to act, they cannot be useful, unable to lead Russia to the future.

This is how Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich treat the aristocracy. The comparative characteristic (table presented above) reflects this, gives an idea of ​​how different their understanding of what the driving force of the development of society is.

Attitude towards nihilism

The next question, on which the two heroes argue, concerns nihilism, its role in the life of society.

Pavel Petrovich defines the representatives of this worldview as impudent and cynics who do not respect and do not recognize anything. He is glad that there are few of them in society.

Nihilists note the need for revolutionary change. Bazarov believes that the people are ignorant, but revolutionary in spirit. Eugene sees the point only in what is useful, he does not consider it necessary to speak big words.

This is how Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich look at nihilism. A comparative characteristic (the table is available in the article) reflects the moment, shows how different the attitude of the characters to this worldview position is.

Attitude towards ordinary people

Pavel Petrovich is far from the people, while being touched by patriarchy and religiosity. Bazarov considers the peasants dark, ignorant, ignorant of their rights.

Kirsanov believes that the life of ordinary people according to the orders established by great-grandfathers is correct. Bazarov despises the ignorance of the peasants.

Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov (the table captures this moment) differently perceive the position of the common people in society.

By origin, Eugene is closer to ordinary people. He is a rogue. Consequently, he understands the peasants more. Pavel Petrovich comes from a noble family, he is absolutely far from understanding the life of ordinary people. What Kirsanov considers faith, Bazarov calls superstition.

A compromise between these heroes is impossible, which is confirmed by the duel between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich.

Attitude towards art, nature

The views of Bazarov and Kirsanov differ even in the perception of art. They are different from nature. According to Bazarov, reading fiction- an empty case, and he evaluates nature exclusively as a resource. Kirsanov is the complete opposite of him. He, on the contrary, loves the world around him, art, music.

Bazarov believes that it is necessary to rely in life only on personal experience and feelings. Proceeding from this, he denies art, since it is only a generalized and figurative understanding of experience, distracting from the case. He denies world achievements of culture.

So Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich look at nature and art differently. A comparative characteristic (the table shows this) once again shows the practicality of Evgeny's views.

Biography of heroes, attitude to life

Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov and Bazarov are two opposite characters. The author makes this clear to us. Kirsanov hated Yevgeny for showing Pavel Petrovich the futility of his existence. Before meeting him, Kirsanov believed that he was noble and worthy of respect. When Evgeny appears, Pavel Petrovich comes to the realization of the emptiness and meaninglessness of his own life.

Kirsanov is undoubtedly a worthy representative of the nobility. He is the son of a general, an officer who has wasted the best years of his life in an effort to win the woman he loves. Senior Kirsanov, of course, is honest, decent, loves his family.

Turgenev notes that by describing the best representatives of the nobility in the novel, he wanted to emphasize the failure and hopelessness of this class.

Bazarov's parents are very pious people. His father is a zemstvo doctor, his mother, as the author writes about her, should have been born two hundred years ago.

According to his social position, Bazarov is a commoner who loves work. He is a man with a strong mind and character, who raised himself.

Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov (the table clearly reflects this) are two completely different people in their views and origin.

In the novel "Fathers and Sons" the author contrasts two very striking characters. Pavel Petrovich's convictions characterize him as a representative of the past. Bazarov's views are too advanced and progressive, extremely materialistic, which may be the reason for the death of this hero at the end of the work.

Speaking about the idea and purpose of his future work, Turgenev admitted: "I was embarrassed by the following fact: in not a single work of our literature did I even meet a hint of what seemed to me everywhere." The merit of the writer lies in the fact that he was the first in Russia to raise this topic in literature and for the first time tried to create the image of a "new man", a representative of raznochintsy. The author's ambivalent attitude towards his hero was reflected in the novel, but Turgenev, despite the inconsistency of the depicted image, believed that the future was opening up behind these people. "My whole story is directed against the aristocracy as an advanced class," he wrote.

The novel "Fathers and Sons" shows the struggle of the worldviews of two political directions: liberal nobles and revolutionary democrats. The plot of the novel is built on the opposition of the representatives of these trends, the commoner Bazarov and the nobleman Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. In addition to this main problem, Turgenev raises a number of other issues related to the moral, cultural, socio-economic development of Russia in the 60s of the XIX century. So, the theme of the nobility and its role in the life of society is raised again.

According to Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, aristocrats are the driving force of social development. Their ideal is a constitutional monarchy, and the path to the ideal is liberal reforms, publicity, and progress. According to Bazarov, the aristocrats are not capable of action, they are of no use, therefore Bazarov denies the ability of the nobility to lead Russia to the future. The next question concerns nihilism, the role of nihilists in life. Pavel Petrovich considers them powerless "cynics, impudent and plebeians", they do not respect the people and traditions, but he consoles himself with the fact that they are few. Bazarov weightily notes: "Moscow burned down from a penny candle." What do nihilists say? First of all, the need for revolutionary action, so the criterion for them is the benefit of the people. Bazarov believes that the people are still dark and ignorant, they are full of prejudices, but nevertheless they are revolutionary in spirit.

Pavel Petrovich is touched by the patriarchal nature of the Russian people, not understanding it in essence. Considering himself a liberal, he nevertheless, talking to a peasant, sniffs English cologne. This is an important feature that characterizes him as a person. Drawing conclusions, we can say that the disputes were not on private issues. They concerned the present and future of Russia. In all disputes, the last word remained with Bazarov.

A compromise between the heroes of Turgenev is impossible, a duel is a confirmation of this. main reason, which caused the elder Kirsanov's hatred for Bazarov, was what he hardly admitted even to himself: Bazarov crossed out his whole life. Pavel Kirsanov believed that he was leading a noble life, that he was worthy of respect. And from the point of view of Bazarov, his life is meaningless.

The divergence in the views of the main characters lies in their biography. Pavel Petrovich is the son of a general, a brilliant officer who spent all his mental strength in pursuit of his beloved woman. When she died, he left the world, left his career and settled with his brother in order to live a long life. He is trying to make changes to his estate and household, considers himself a liberal only because serfs are not beaten with a whip on their estate, but he is not able to understand the requirements of the new era, the views of the younger generation are deeply alien to him. We know little about Bazarov's past, but we understand that his path is a typical path of a common worker. Years of hard work made him the most educated person. He proudly declares: "My grandfather plowed the land." Bazarov's parents are very religious, their interests are limited. Bazarov educated himself. How many prejudices, how many habits ingrained from childhood, Eugene had to overcome in order to educate himself. Bazarov is a strong man in mind and character. Russia knew many such Bazarovs: after all, both Belinsky, whose memory the novel is dedicated to, and Dobrolyubov went through a difficult life school. The Kirsanov brothers are aristocrats. Turgenev wrote: "They are the best of the nobles - that is why they are chosen by me to prove their failure." It is very bitter that their life is so worthless, although they have undoubted merits. Pavel Petrovich treats his brother, Fenechka, very nobly, he is honest, constant in love, understands art. Nikolai Petrovich, his brother, is a very sensitive person, he is benevolent, soft-hearted, fond of music, but his life is monotonous and boring. Bazarov contributes Fresh air to the "family nest" of the Kirsanovs. Eugene appears before us as a man of a new generation, who replaced the "fathers" who were unable to solve the main problems of the era.

Dobrolyubov wrote about people of the Bazarov type even before the appearance of the image of Bazarov, arguing that they decide to "tread the road of merciless denial in order to find the pure truth." Their ultimate goal is "to bring the greatest possible benefit to mankind." The formation of their ideology was not without extremes, they believed exclusively in science, but it was they who moved progress in Russia. I would like to finish the essay with the words: The conflict of "fathers" with "children" -

The pledge of those continuous changes,

in which something is looking for God,

Playing generational change.