Does the gorilla have enemies. Photo fact: The most powerful creatures on the planet. Biological description and characterization
How much stronger a monkey is than a man, what effort gorillas are capable of developing, what primates are capable of. Many have asked these questions. Here is a translation of one article on this topic. One of the famous primatologists answers the questions.
Judge: Fady D. Isho - 7/27/2008
QUESTION: You recently answered a question about the strength of great apes and stated that a male chimpanzee is on average 5 times stronger than an adult male, and a male orangutan or gorilla is up to 10 times stronger, and so on.
My question is: How was this force measured? As an athlete, this is very interesting for me. Was one-arm pull, arm strength, and grip strength measured all together—or something else? Was some other device used?
I ask these questions because I know some very strong people and it is unlikely that the legs of a primate are stronger than the legs of some of these fellows (they do leg presses with weights over 2000 pounds). And it's kind of hard to believe that a 120-pound chimpanzee can have the strength of 5 men in the bench press, for example. The world bench press record is about 800 pounds, which means that a 120-pound chimpanzee would be able to bench 4,000 pounds (which is close to 2 tons, which is 33 1/3 times its own weight). This seems unlikely.
Even if we compare with average men with an average level of training. Many of them can shake at least their own weight, but this is pushing, not pulling, which I suspect primates are monstrously strong at.
However, even when compared to the average athlete, a 120 pound chimpanzee would have to bench press 600 pounds, since he is 5 times stronger than a human.
That's why I'm asking how this difference in strength was measured.
Thanks in advance for any of your responses.
ANSWER: Hi Jim
I understand your curious, let me explain. Many people have no idea about power (or power). WITH scientific point of view, it can be measured as work for time (work done per unit of time; power = work / time).
For example, if a human moves a 200 lb. more powerful than a man in this case.
Let me point out that today there is no universal way to compare a person to an adult chimpanzee, orangutan, or gorilla. An experiment conducted at the Bronx Zoo in 1924 compared the strength of a 165-pound adult human with a 165-pound male chimpanzee named "Boma" and a 135-pound female chimpanzee, Suzette.
They competed in how much weight a person and a monkey can pull with one hand. An adult male managed to pull 200 pounds maximum. The male chimpanzee, in turn, pulled 847 pounds of weight with one arm, and the female chimpanzee 1,260 pounds.
You see that our smaller monkey brothers will easily make the strongest person like an ace heating pad. At one of the exhibitions, an orangutan threw a log with his hand that interfered with him, with which four or five people had previously squirmed to no avail, trying to budge.
As far as animal strength is concerned, the strength of a wild chimpanzee is equivalent to that of 4 to 7 adult males, more like five adult males.
The strength of an orangutan is equal to the strength of 5 - 8 adult males, about 7 adult males.
The gorilla has a strength of 9 to 12 adult males, i.e. approximately 11.
These estimates are made on the basis of the actual actions that these animals performed. If you knew the monkeys as well as I do, I'm sure you would not doubt their capabilities.
Best wishes,
----CONTINUATION----
QUESTION: Dear Fady D. Isho,
Thanks for the information, very interesting and valuable!
Yes, I am familiar with the difference between power and strength. Force is basically a measure of short-term effort that can be applied or exerted on an object of an object - and power is rather the amount of force that can be developed in the course of carrying weight over a distance or in some other way per unit of time.
However, the comparison in thrust you are referring to (this does not imply that I doubt what you are saying) seems to violate the laws of physics. For an organism (body) weighing 135 pounds to pull 9 times its own weight, there must be some constant basis of leverage to pull the weight rather than move towards it.
Considering that the friction of the surface on which both the chimpanzee's body is located and the weight are the same - it is physically impossible for the chimpanzee to move the weight (the ape would rather pull itself up to the weight) - unless there is some fixed base, leaning against which the chimpanzee could place himself against the force of tension .
Same thing with pushing. An old Superman comic broke the laws of physics when a 200 (+/-) pound man stops or pushes a multi-ton truck while on the same frictionless surface (asphalt). The laws of physics are completely ignored here.
This is why it is hard to believe that a chimpanzee is capable of pulling more than its own weight across a surface with equal friction between both masses. This is possible (from personal experience) if a person has the ability to fix his position with the help of a solid stationary support, a tree, a rock, railway sleepers, from which he can push off.
The best example here is how a 250 pound man pulls a locomotive. He can do this only because there is a difference in friction (the locomotive is on wheels, a person can use the sleepers as a fixed support). As soon as the inertia is overcome, the locomotive, weighing many times more than a person, begins to move. A person only needs to overcome inertia in order to rip him off the spot.
In general, it would be interesting to know what was used as a base in primate strength tests. Or it was simply measured by the strength of the hand, grip, traction.
There is also a related question. Monkeys can use both arms and legs for movement, like four-legged animals. This gives them an advantage over humans for every pound of weight. Isn't this what gives them the main advantage, since they can use in the effort more muscles, which cross section will be more than a human.
Another important possibility to consider is Adrenaline (aka the "anger" or "emergency" factor). This is what allows a 110 lb woman to lift a car to save her son (documented case).
Therefore, explain, maybe some kind of irritant was used in order to anger, anger the animal to stimulate the adrenaline factor? In other words, was any stimulus used? After all, a person, of course, did not have such an advantage that could affect the result of the test.
Thank you very much! Waiting for an answer.
Answer
Hey Jim
The male chimpanzee stood with his feet on the ground, the female did not.
All your statements are correct. Without support on a fixed object or surface with a higher coefficient of friction, the body under test will simply slide towards the load. But when there are more than enough forces to move the object, the object begins to move along the direction of the force. (Via jerk).
And because chimpanzee bones are denser than human bones and their muscles are more developed, they are able to move heavier weights.
There have also been reports of testing the strength of felines pulling loads more than five times their body weight, just like chimpanzees, they are able to do it efficiently.
The monkey makes a sumo wrestler like an ace heating pad. An interesting video, a sumo wrestler competes with an orangutan in a tug of war. Imagine what would happen if it was a gorilla?
Today's post is also about animals, I hope you enjoy today's review as much as yesterday's. Well, next week there will be a lot of information about technology and other things - about animals, probably enough. So, the topic of today's review is the most powerful animals on the planet. In general, this question is of interest to many, not only children, but also people of age. Let's see which animals are really the strongest, and is it right to think that the larger the animal, the stronger it is.
Gorilla
Let's start with the gorillas. Now, this animal can lift ten times what it weighs, you can imagine. And the gorilla weighs a lot: with a height of 1.75 meters, the weight of a male gorilla reaches 200 kilograms. Who among the people can lift two tons? Gorillas live quite a long time: about fifty years. By the way, gorillas have fingerprints, just like us humans.
Tigers
These are also very strong animals that can lift (with their teeth, of course), a weight that is twice the mass of their own body. And an adult male or female weighs up to 270 kilograms. By the way, the length of an adult individual reaches 3.3 meters (this is from the nose to the tip of the tail. When running, the tiger develops speeds of up to 64 kilometers per hour. And yet, the jaws of the tiger are so powerful that this animal can easily bite through the skull of a cow.
elephants
Elephants of different species raise different weight, but the maximum weight that was recorded is 9 tons. That is how much an elephant, which weighed 5 tons, was able to lift. You can imagine how strong these animals are. By the way, elephants live up to 70 years (there are exceptions, long-lived elephants).
leaf cutter ants
Perhaps insects, and arthropods in general, are the most powerful animals on our planet. So, an ordinary leaf-cutter ant that lives in warm countries can lift a weight that is 50 times its body weight. This is approximately the same as if a person could easily lift 2.5 tons. Interesting fact- leaf-cutting ants take leaves not to eat them, but to grow special mushrooms on them, which are used as food for ants.
Ticks
Perhaps the tick, belonging to the species of oribatid shell mites, is the most powerful animal on our planet. The photo shows that this tick is something like a living tank. But the tick is much stronger than any tank, if we take the conditional ratio of the load that the tick is able to carry, or the load that the tank can pull. Surprisingly, the armored tick can pull a load that is 1180 (!) Times its body weight. If a person had such phenomenal weight-lifting abilities, then we could easily lift about 80-100 tons!
As you can see, the strongest are some of the smallest animals in the world.
Not all the largest animals are the strongest and most dangerous. Of course, in most of their huge sizes, predators are quite strong and more hardy than smaller animals. And yet there are some small creatures that have incredibly great power.
What is the most powerful animal in the world, we will try to determine. True, this is not so easy to do. Indeed, in this case, it is necessary to evaluate each representative according to various characteristics: parameters, speed, strength, endurance and others.
The most dangerous insects
Despite their tiny size, some animals are a danger to people and not only. So they are strong.
In fact, there are many surprisingly small creatures that could be on the list of "Top Strongest Animals in the World" or, for example, dangerous for the reason that for the most part they can simply be carriers of viral infections.
For example, common flies are carriers of approximately 40 million different types of bacteria. Among them may be dozens of death-bringing diseases. And mosquitoes are dangerous to humans. With their bite, they are capable of transmitting diseases to almost 700 million people a year. At the same time, about several million of them die for sure. But it was all about danger. Below will be about strength.
The strongest animal in the world, top 10
Insects are not so dangerous on their own. This is the nature of the spread of most viral diseases. Therefore, consider a list of those deadly animals that can cause severe harm to humans and all living things consciously.
Let's try to decide which of them is the strongest in the world. Moreover, this concept can be applied to different types groups of animals. You can select the strongest beast, the strongest insect, the strongest bird, the strongest snake or the strongest fish, etc.
For example, the following animals (mammals) can be attributed to the strongest: elephants, tigers, oxen, lions, lynxes, gorillas, hippos, etc.
Below we consider what is the most powerful animal in the world. The top 10, regardless of which group or species these creatures belong to, is presented below. Consider the rating depending on the ratio of "strength-weight".
Grizzly
A newborn grizzly weighs only about 0.5 kg, but in adulthood it reaches an impressive size (2.5 meters) with a weight of up to 600 kilograms.
The maximum speed with which he is able to run is 55 km / h. It is better to stay away from him in any case, the formidable beast can easily catch up. Turns out he's dangerous.
ox
This animal is able to lift a load 1.5 times its body weight - 900 kilograms. This ability is often used by people to carry heavy loads.
Elephant
And this creature is not only the most powerful animal in the world, but also the largest mammal living on land.
At the birth of this giant, its weight is 120 kilograms. And an adult elephant can easily lift a load weighing 9 tons (its body weight is 1.7 times less). But elephants are just herbivores. They live in the wild for almost 70 years.
Tiger
These ferocious and predatory animals are also capable of carrying huge loads, almost twice the weight of the animals themselves.
The length of a tiger (adult) can reach more than 3 meters, and its body weight is about 300 kilograms. At the same time, he can run at a speed of 65 km / h. Just one of his blows can kill even an adult cow.
crowned eagle
This eagle is not only the strongest of all existing birds, but also the most aggressive. The flap of its wings, capable of killing anyone, reaches a width of 2 meters. This courageous eagle is able to hunt even large antelopes and monkeys.
Thus, the bird takes pride of place in strength - in the top 10 (the strongest animal in the world) among the largest and strongest.
Gorilla
Of all the apes in existence, the formidable-looking gorillas also have powerful strength. They can lift large loads, weighing 10 times the weight of the monkey itself.
leaf cutter ant
These small ants have no problem dragging the materials they need to build their homes. They are called leaf cutters due to the fact that they themselves cut the leaves, which they then carry to their homes.
While an ordinary ant carries a load exceeding 20 times its own weight, a leaf-cutting ant is able to lift a mass exceeding the weight of the insect itself by 50 times.
Rhinoceros beetle
This little insect got a well-deserved 3rd place in the top 10 "most powerful animal in the world".
In connection with the formation, which is very similar to the horn of a rhinoceros, this beetle received such interesting name. The rhinoceros beetle, whose size is only 4 centimeters, is capable of both carrying and carrying a load with a huge mass - 850 times its own weight.
Dung-beetle
The second place in strength goes to the ordinary dung beetle.
Regardless of the fact that its dimensions are from 1 to 6 centimeters, this insect is able to carry a mass of 1141 times its own weight, which is equal to the mass of six buses (double-decker).
IN Ancient Egypt these beetles for people represented the personification of the movement of the Sun.
And, finally, the strongest animal in the world (in terms of "strength-weight") is the armored tick. This creature lives almost anywhere, but due to its tiny size, a person is not able to see it without special devices.
Such a tick lifts a load 1180 times heavier than itself. With such an opportunity in a person, he could lift an object weighing up to 80 tons.
The armored tick completes the list of the 10 most powerful animals in the world.
It is quite possible to bring a lion, a crocodile, a shark and many other animals into the top of the strongest creatures on earth. There can be many such lists depending on the rating criteria.
Questions were repeatedly raised on similar topics about which of the living beings is stronger. Man has always been interested in finding a worthy rival in the world of fauna or just out of curiosity to find out who is the strongest on Earth.
Sharks, boas, dogs, bears, bees, gorillas, elephants, tigers, alligators and cougars can be found on your life path. These dangerous animals may try to eat you or just kill you. But each of the potentially dangerous animals has its own Achilles' heel, its own weak point.
Animals are priceless living treasures of our planet, which, however, sometimes try to attack us and kill us.
Fortunately, this does not happen too often, but if it does happen, then we have to rely on our own animal instincts, which at a critical moment are able to turn on and suggest the right decision. But they don't always work.
Meanwhile, each of the potentially dangerous animals has its own Achilles' heel, its own weak point. For example, it is difficult for someone to run against the wind, someone does not tolerate sharp cries, and someone is scared off by the war paint of the victim. It is better to be prepared for anything - you never know what.
Here are some tips for escaping (and fighting if necessary) when encountering 10 dangerous animals. The article does not pretend to be a professional rescue instruction, since the easiest and most important way to avoid a sudden attack by any animal is not to invade its territory.
sharks
You may have heard that The best way defeating a shark is a sharp blow with the toe of the boot right in her nose. However, this is decidedly not true. First of all, being under water, it is impossible to hit with the same force as on land. If you really need to attack a shark, then you need to strike at the eyes or at the gills, located just above the pectoral fins. To be honest, not everyone, like Richard Dreyfuss from Jaws, can win an open water shark fight. It is best to slowly, without sudden movements, swim away from the shark, without turning your back on it. We must find the strength in ourselves to get out of the water, because in real life the shark is very difficult to defeat in the water element.
Boa
If you find yourself in an unpleasant embrace with a boa constrictor, remember - the main thing is not to panic. This, of course, is very difficult to do when a snake the size of a fire hose is constricting your throat, but you have to try. Each of your breaths will be accompanied by an increasingly strong squeezing of the neck by a boa constrictor, so your sighs should be calm and long. A means of defense may also be an attempt to bite the snake's tail with all its might, you will not cause much pain to the boa constrictor, but this way you can make it loosen its grip. Other than that, try free hand hit the boa constrictor on the head with a stone or any blunt object, which will show the snake that you are by no means easy prey. Snakes love snacks, and your resistance will turn you into a less appetizing dish and a more difficult victim in the eyes of the boa constrictor.
Dogs
Dogs are adorable animals and man's best friend, but they are still animals and can be deadly, as in Stephen King's Cujo. If you find yourself face to face with a rabid dog, then try to straighten up as much as possible and not move. This will weaken the dog's interest in you as an inanimate object. Press your arms and legs close to your body, do not look at the dog and do not smile, as your smile and gaze can serve as a signal for an attack from his side. Never run away from dogs, because they love to chase their prey, and you have no chance of beating a rabid dog in a race at any distance. If you have any means at hand to deal with a rabid dog, then you should try to hit him in the eyes or stun him in order to tie him to something later. If all else fails, then during the attack you need to protect your vital organs - face, chest, throat.
The Bears
Based on the research of scientists, it can be quite definitely said that bears in the forest mark their territory with combined marks: both visual and olfactory. The owner of the plot selects individual trees and puts his smell on their trunks: he urinates near the butt of the tree and, rising on his hind legs, scratches the trunk with his claws, rubs against it first with his chest, then with his back, withers. If you happen to run into a bear during this activity, then follow these tips. If you have a small bear in front of you, then you should not, following the instinct of self-preservation, quickly run away, you must retreat slowly, lowering your head down and not looking at the bear, since the gaze will be understood by the bear as a direct challenge. It is necessary to retreat slowly but surely, without showing fear, but showing your superiority over the animal, then there is a chance that he himself will retreat. But if you have a large polar bear or grizzly in front of you, then you should not show him your superiority. Curl up into a ball and face the beast as a frail weak person, then he will lose interest in you as an opponent. And in no case do not climb a tree, because bears climb them much better than people.
killer bees
No sane person would disturb a killer bee hive. But if you have heavy perfume, shiny jewelry and dark clothes, then you can provoke an attack of killer bees. Step one: run. Run as fast as you can and as far as possible. While running, try to protect your face and run against the wind. Don't jump into the water, because you won't last long, and the bees will be waiting for you to appear, and as soon as you emerge, they can sting you to death. It is best to find some shelter and hide from the killer bees, you can not roll on the ground and wave your arms and legs too much, because the movement only attracts the bees even more.
Gorillas
Gorillas are very similar to humans, but they are still not as smart as we are, but they are much stronger than us, and instead of clothes they wear thick hair. Gorillas are herbivores, but they sometimes attack humans. If you have to walk past an angry and enraged gorilla, then you must do this calmly, confidently and respectfully towards the animal, lowering your head down, as if you are just walking and are not going to invade its territory, which can confuse the enraged gorilla and distract her attention from you. If the gorilla still tried to grab you, then it’s better to sit quietly next to it and try to show signs of attention to it: stroke, gently pat your neck. Your animal can regard such behavior as a sign of respect and will change anger to mercy.
elephants
Elephants are the favorite animals of many people, so it hurts to think that they can attack a person, but this sometimes happens. Elephants have a very good memory: if a drunk person molests a baby elephant, then an adult elephant will hate drunk people. Elephants are also big jokers. They may act as an attack on you. You can determine the true mood of an elephant by the ears: if the ears hang freely and flutter in the wind, then the elephant is playing, but if the ears are pressed back, then the elephant is really angry. You have two options: stand still and scream, or run. If you decide to run, then you need to do it in a zigzag pattern, since it is very difficult for an elephant with his body weight to change direction. You'd also be better off looking for some kind of high-altitude cover: a tree, a mountain, any high ground, because elephants aren't the best climbers. And this is not surprising. Even the smallest elephants weigh about 2.5 tons. With such a mass, you can’t run through the mountains.
Tigers
Most tigers will brutally tear a person apart when they meet. Tigers like to sneak up on their prey quietly, so your loud and noisy actions when confronting a tiger may spoil his appetite, but this will not help you escape. Tigers are the most skilled killers, often compared to Velociraptors in movies, a genus of carnivorous bipedal dinosaurs from the family of dromaeosaurids. But still, you have a few chances for salvation. Tigers in a jump pounce on the prey, and if you are dexterous and fast enough, you can dodge the attack and throw a handful of earth into the eyes of the predator. You must definitely fight the tiger with a stone, a tree branch, some kind of club, because tigers, like boas, do not like difficult targets, so they will leave to look for easier prey. And according to Disney's Jungle Book stories, tigers are afraid of fire. Try to get fire and escape from a dangerous predator.
alligators
If you happen to meet an alligator in the water, then it is useless to swim in a zigzag pattern, because it will slow down your movements, and you need to swim away from the alligator quickly in order to get to land as quickly as possible. An alligator does not tend to go far from the water, so the faster you get away from the water, the more chances you have to escape from persecution, even an American or Mississippi, even a Chinese alligator. Alligators have small, but muscular enough legs that allow it to move fast enough, its speed is not less than human. If the alligator still manages to overtake you, then you must fight back, aiming at the nose, eyes, ears. The predator will try to drag you underwater, but in this case, you have a chance to escape if you manage to hit the palatal valve of the alligator, which protects the windpipe from water. Pressing hard on this valve will force water into the windpipe, which will force the alligator to let go of you because it will choke.
Cougars
If you are attacked by a cougar, then stop and start making loud noises. The noise will prevent the animal from getting close to you. We need to make as much noise as possible, as if you are calling your tribesmen. If, nevertheless, it came to a fight with a cougar, then try to protect the most vulnerabilities- throat, head, belly, The fetal position is the most beneficial for this, because from this position you can seize the moment and hit the cougar with a stone or stick in the eyes or in the stomach, which will allow you to escape.
Gorillas are the largest members of the primate order. (MILA ZINKOVA)
Gorillas live on the ground, they are herbivores and live in the forests of central Africa. (NATALIE MANUEL)
Gorilla DNA is very similar to human DNA - 95-99%. (DAVID GUNTER)
They are the next closest human relative after the two species of chimpanzee; all hominins descended from a common ancestor about 7 million years ago. (DAVID AND BECKY)
There are now more than 100,000 western lowland gorillas in the wild and 4,000 more in zoos. (WEESAM2010)
There are about 4,000 Eastern lowland gorillas in the wild, and only 24 in zoos. (BRIAN AUER)
Mountain gorillas are the most endangered - only about 620 individuals remain in nature and none in zoos. (AXEL FOLEY)
Gorillas can stand up and walk on their hind legs, but usually walk on all fours. At the same time, gorillas, as well as chimpanzees, when walking do not rely on the palms and pads of the fingers of the front paws, as all other animals do, but on the back of the bent fingers. This way of walking allows you to save on inside brush enough thin sensitive skin. (SMUDGE350)
Gorillas and chimpanzees use this mode of locomotion along with anteaters and platypuses. (MIDLAND RED)
Gorillas have great strength. (SMITHSONIAN'S NATIONAL ZOO)
An adult male reaches 1.65-1.75 m in height with a shoulder width of about a meter and weighs 140-200 kg. (JAMES GAITHER)
Adult females are often half the size - about 1.4 m in height and weighing 100 kg. (FELIX S.)
The cub is completely dependent on the mother, who feeds, carries, protects and emotionally supports him until the age of three, when he becomes an independent member of the group. (SCOTT HANKO)
Pregnancy in gorillas lasts 8.5 months. (NATALIE MANUEL)
Males do not take a special part in the upbringing of offspring. Although they play their part in bringing them into society. (PIERRE FIDENCI)
The first part of the day the gorillas are engaged in feeding. This is followed by a leisurely walk through the forest. During the hottest time of the day, the activity of the group drops. Some gorillas build nests for midday rest, others just lie down on the ground. (RICHARD ASHURST)
Gorillas live in groups. There can be from 5 to 30 gorillas in a group, led by the oldest and strongest male. It determines the daily routine, where to look for food or choose a place to sleep. To assert his authority, the leader performs a frightening "dance", which is nothing more than a threat: even a raging male almost always refrains from a real attack. (JAMES GAITHER)
Females reach sexual maturity at the age of 10-12 years (earlier in captivity); males - at the age of 11-13 years. (TANCREAD)
The life expectancy of gorillas is 30-50 years, although there were also "long-livers". (ANDY COE)
At nightfall, all activity ceases and the group goes to bed. (SAFARI PARTNERS)
In gorilla families, quarrels occur mainly between females. When attacking a family group of gorillas, males stand up for defense. Aggression comes down most often to a demonstration of strength and intimidation: the gorilla rushes at the enemy and abruptly stops in front of him, often rises from all fours to his feet and beats himself in the chest. (HAUKESTEINBERG.COM)
Gorillas do not have to drink - juicy greens already contain enough moisture. Reservoirs and water in general are avoided whenever possible, and rain is disliked. (TOM2001)
