“I.e.” and “e.g.”- two abbreviations that many people confuse in written communications in English, as well as when translating. Therefore, it is worth understanding their origin, meaning and use, and, of course, the correct punctuation.

I.e. means "in essence", "essentially", "mainly", "generally", "that is", "in other words". The abbreviation comes from the Latin “id est” (“that is” in English).

E.g. means "for example" and comes from the Latin "exempli gratia" ("for example" in English).

How to remember them and not make mistakes when writing text in English? For carriers in English there is one good advice. Abbreviation i.e. starts with a letter “I”, which means the expression “ I n E ssence" or " I n other words.” And although both expressions are not an exact translation from Latin, they nevertheless convey a common meaning, which allows you to make a choice in favor of “i.e.”. To remember when to write “e.g.”, you can again resort to the associative example - “ E sample G iven". You can also make an association with the word itself “ E xample" that starts with a letter "e".

Let's see how both abbreviations are used in writing.

We remember that “i.e.” means “in essence” or “in other words”, so we use this abbreviation to clarify or concretize the content of what was said earlier. For example,

The coat is made up of synthetic materials (i.e., not leather or suede). - The coat is made of synthetic materials (that is , not leather or suede). In this proposal, we clarify and specify which materials were not used to sew the coat.

“E.g.” means “for example”, and we use this abbreviation to illustrate a sentence with examples. For example,

I like citrus fruitse.g ., oranges, lemons, grapefruits).- I love citrus fruits For example, oranges, lemons, grapefruits).

Vegetables (e.g. , broccoli, carrots and radishes) are good for you. - Vegetables are good for you (for example, broccoli, carrots and radishes). In both sentences, examples are given that correspond to the indicated thematic groups - “fruits” and “vegetables”.

It is worth saying a few words about the punctuation of abbreviations. First, put point after each letter - “i.e.” and “e.g.” Secondly, after abbreviations, as a rule, put comma. Sometimes the question arises of the need to use italics. In practice, italics are rarely used, although both expressions come from Latin without undergoing any change. You should also observe a number of style features. In official style texts, abbreviations should be taken in brackets. For example,

I also enjoy citrus soda (e.g., Mountain Dew, Mello Yellow).- I also like citrus soft drinks (for example, Mountain Dew, Yellow Mellow). All previous examples were designed in the same way. For informal style messages, there are several ways to style abbreviations. The abbreviation is preceded by comma, or dash. For example,

Every user of English working in the field of business has had to deal with the translation of documents, with business vocabulary, as well as business abbreviations. Such abbreviations occur all the time in the business sphere. They exist for convenience and brevity of business language.

Use of Abbreviations and Abbreviations in Business English

Abbreviations help keep business conversation short, concise, and specific, and they also help save time, which is very important for a business person. We bring to your attention the main English abbreviations of business vocabulary, their decoding, translation and examples of sentences with these abbreviations.

Pay attention to the following abbreviations and their place in sentences in English:

• @ (= at sign)- sign "dog"
  This character is commonly used in Internet designations, and most often in mailbox addresses. For example:
• a/c (=account)- account, account
  Give me your a/c, please. - Give me your account, please.
• AGM (= annual general meeting)- annual general meeting
  Don't forget that on Monday we have the AGM of our company. Don't forget we have our annual general meeting on Monday.
• a.m. (= ante meridiem)- before noon
  Our session begins at 9 a.m. — Our session starts at nine in the morning (before noon)
• ATM (= automated teller machine)- ATM
  Did you get your salary? -I should try in the ATM. - Did you get paid? - I should try at the ATM.
• attn (= attention, for the attention of) for someone's attention
  This abbreviation is usually used in letters: This is attn of your brother. - This is for your brother's attention.
• approx. (= roughly)- approximately
  We have approx. two hours to finish the work. We have about 2 hours to finish the job.
• CEO (= chief executive officer)- chief executive officer
  May I see the CEO of your company? — Can I see the CEO?
• co (= company)- company
  This is produced by Andrews and Co. — This is produced by Andrews & Co.
• dept (= department) department, division
  Please pass to the next dept. - Please go to the next section.
• e.g. (=exempli gratia)- For example
  Complete this scheme, e.g. like in this document. - Fill in this diagram, for example, as in this document
• EGM (= extraordinary general meeting) - extraordinary general meeting
  What is the cause of the EGM? -I think that the chief will announce it. - What is the reason for the emergency general meeting? - I think the boss will announce it
• ETA (= estimated time of arrival)- estimated time of arrival
  The ETA of the production is five-seven days. – Estimated time of arrival of products 5-7 days
• etc (=et cetera)- And so on and so forth
  Complete the questionnaire: write your name, the date of your birth, your profession, etc. - Fill out the questionnaire: write your name, date of birth, profession, etc.
• GDP (= gross domestic product)- gross domestic product(= GDP)
  The chief is pleased of the GDP. - The boss is satisfied with the GDP
• GNP (=gross national product)- gross national product (= GNP)
  The GNP of the country is enough. - GNP of the country is quite sufficient
• GMT (=Greenwich Mean Time)- Greenwich Mean Time
  What is the GMT? What is Greenwich Mean Time?

Why are abbreviations needed in business vocabulary?

Abbreviations for Business English

The following types of abbreviations are often used in business correspondence:

• i.e. (= id est)- that is
  We did everything right, i.e. we have success. - We did everything right, that is, we will succeed
• Inc (= incorporated) incorporated, registered as a corporation
  May be sure, our company is inc. — You can be sure that our company is incorporated
• IPO (= initial public offer)— initial public offering of shares
  I shall see the IPO of the bank. — I will look at the bank's initial public offering
• K- thousand
• lb- pound (measure of weight)
• £ - pound (monetary unit)
• Ltd (=limited)— limited liability company
  Our company is ltd. — Our company is a limited liability company
• mo. (= month)- month
• no. (=number)- number
  Give me the document no.3, please. — Give me document number 3, please.
• plc. (= public limited company)- public limited company
  What do you know about The United Co? It is the plc., you know. — What do you know about United Co.? It is a public limited company
• p.m. (= post meridium)- afternoon
  We'll meet at 5 p.m. - We'll meet at five in the afternoon.
• PR (=public relations)- public relations
  What is your PR? What are your public relations?
• p. s. (=post scriptum)- afterword
  This abbreviation is used in letters: See you soon. P.S. Don't forget the books. - See you. P.S. Don't forget the books
• qty (=quantity)- quantity
  What qty of people does he need? How many people do we need?
• re- regarding, relatively (usually used in letters)
  Re our affair, you know what to do. “Regarding our case, you know what to do.

What are abbreviations for?

Knowledge, understanding and use of professional jargon and business slang in English is essential if you work in an international company, as well as in cooperation with foreign partners. For the same purposes, you need to know English abbreviations and abbreviations in communication. Using abbreviations will help you save time, which is very important in a business environment.

Notice the abbreviation ASAP (As Soon As Possible) — As soon as possible. Four whole words! We remove all unnecessary and get only four letters. Or another example: YTD (Year To Date) — year to date. This abbreviation shows the performance of the business since the beginning of the financial or calendar year in relation to the state of today.

In general, you see that using abbreviations is very convenient in business. This approach to business vocabulary will help you in your business.

Good afternoon, dear readers of the blog telling about. Today I decided to touch upon such interesting and fairly common abbreviations in the written English language as i.e. and e.g. I'll tell you about meaning each of these abbreviations, and also show by example when to use “i.e.”, and when “e.g.”.

Latin abbreviations "i.e." and "e.g." quite often can be found in English literature, and indeed in everyday written language. Even more, these abbreviations would be used more often if people were more confident in understanding when to use “i.e.” and when to use “e.g.” Therefore, to begin with, I propose to figure out what these simple abbreviations mean.

I.E. - Meaning? I.E. - What does abbreviation mean?

Abbreviation i.e. usually inserted into a sentence as a substitute for "that is." The abbreviation came to English from the Latin language and in the uncut version was written as “id est”. I.e. it is appropriate to use as a substitute for the phrase “in other words” or “that is” (as mentioned above). This abbreviation is used when it is necessary to highlight something more clearly or clarify.

E.G. - Meaning? E.G. - What does abbreviation mean?

“E.g.” means "for example". Like the first abbreviation, the abbreviation e.g. came from the Latin expression "exempli gratia" ("for the sake of example"). “E.g.” appropriate to use when you do not intend to list everything that is being discussed.

Usage examples for “i.e.” and “e.g.” :

Example 1. Places

I.E. (Id est)

Sample sentence

I am going to the place where I relax best, i.e., the coffee shop.
Explanation

[There is only one place that in my opinion is the best place to relax. With "i.e." I'm showing everyone that I especially like to relax in this place.]

E.G. (Example Gratia)

Sample sentence

At the places where I relax well, e.g., Tchibo, I have none of the distractions I have at home.

Explanation
[There are a lot of coffee shops that I like, for example, Tchibo is one of them]

The abbreviation “e.g.” can be used with several examples at once, but don't end all your examples with "etc". No need to write: I like coffee shops, e.g., Tchibo, Starbucks, etc. Instead, it's better to write: There is a debate as to whether some of the Ottonian emperors (e.g., Saint Henry II and Otto I the Great) were evil.

Example 2. Helen of Troy and her brothers and sisters

I.E. (Id est)

The most beautiful human in Greek mythology, i.e., Leda’s daughter Helen, may have had a unibrow, according to a 2012 book on Helen I’m reading.

[Elena, whose beauty caused the beginning Trojan War, is considered the most beautiful woman according to Greek mythology. She has no and cannot have rivals.]

E.G. (Example Gratia)

The children of Leda, e.g., Castor and Pollux, were born in pairs.

[It is believed that a pair of boys, with the names Castor and Pollux, could be twins, but as for all the other children of Helen of Troy, historians are not so sure. According to Greek mythology, Helen hatched from an egg, but despite this unusual birth, she was able to give birth to a number of twins, and Castor and Pollux are one example.]

Italics I.E. and E.G.

Abbreviations i.e. and e.g. are such common Latin abbreviations that it is absolutely unnecessary to allocate them in italics.

I.e. And e.g.- Latin abbreviations. I.e. replaces idest and means "that is" - "that is." E.g. replaces exempli gratia. This combination means "for example" - for example.

How to remember the difference between I.e. And E.g.?

We certainly do not force you to learn Latin. English is enough for you! If in practice you often have to deal with written texts - you create them or read them - then for sure these two abbreviations are called "puzzle you from time to time". How to remember what they mean?

To begin with, we suggest that you forget their translation and Latin equivalents altogether. Let's try this: in i.e. there is i, which stands for "in other words". In e.g. there is e - "example".

Where and how to use i.e. and e.g.?

E.g. means "for example". Therefore, we insert this abbreviation to provide some examples:
Buy some vegetables, e.g., carrots.

I.e. means "that is". This expression is needed to enter an explanation, detail into the sentence:
The three U.S. states on the west coast (i.e., Washington, Oregon and California) have favorable climates.

If you're still not sure if you can use these abbreviations, don't despair: you can always replace them with "in other words" and "for example". After all, there is no doctrine or guide to the mandatory use of Latin designations.

Do's and Don'ts

• In written texts, do not highlight i.e. and e.g. in italics. Although these are Latin expressions, they have long been an integral part of the English language and are quite familiar to native speakers. Therefore, there is no need to separate them somehow.
• It is also recommended to put a comma after i.e. and e.g.. Don't be surprised if the spelling and punctuation check underlines that comma. 95% of grammar references recommend this punctuation mark. But remember: the comma is “promoted” by American English speakers, the British advocate its omission.
• Try not to use i.e. and e.g. in oral speech. Latin abbreviations are still the property of the written language. In a conversation, "in other words" and "for example" are just right.
• Many insert at the end of the list of examples etc. This is completely unnecessary, because the use of e.g. already suggests an incomplete list.

I have a student who is engaged in science. And in science, without abbreviations, nowhere. Yes, and in ordinary writing, including fiction, not to mention specialized, abbreviations like e.g., i.e. or everyone knows etc. dark darkness. Some of them come from Latin, but most are just abbreviations. English words. I offer you a list of the most commonly used abbreviations (in places with examples and notes):

A.D.(anno Domini) - AD year
B.C.(Before Christ) - BC
Please note that AD is placed before the date (AD64), BC - after (300BC); when specifying the century, both come after the numeral (second century AD, fourth century BC)

approx.(approximately / approximate)

avg.(average) - average, on average

ca.(circa - /?s3?k?/) - approximately, approximately: e.g. "People first came to the area ca 1700."

cent.(century, centuries) - century, centuries

cf.(confer, compare) - see also, cf., reference often found in books

co.(column) - column

cont(d).(continued) - continuation. This abbreviation may have a different meaning depending on the context, for example, contained, contents, contraction, continent etc.

ctr.(center) - center, central d. (died, died in) - died: e.g. "The dean of the university at that time was Sir James Stone (d. 1965)."

ed.(edited, edition) - ed., edition, published

e.g.(exempli gratia - for example) - for example. Please note that this abbreviation is read exactly as "for example"! No unauthorized "and ji": e.g. "You can use different adjectives to describe it, e.g. wonderful, beautiful, amazing or splendid."

esp.(especially) - especially: e.g. "I like ice-cream, esp. pistachio-flavoured ice-cream."

est(d).(established / estimated) - based; estimated, estimate: e.g. "He worked in TD McGuire est. 1987"; "He received est. $10mln."

et al.(et alii) - and others (in the bibliography "with co-authors")

incl.(including) - including: e.g. "They put everything in one box, including books on Chaucer."

hr(hours) - hour, hours: e.g. "This car can travel 230 km/hr."

max., min.(maximum, minimum) - maximum, minimum

misc.(miscellaneous) - other: e.g. "The shelf was full of misc. objects."

n.a.: 1) not applicable - not applicable to this case, does not apply: e.g. "This formula shows the general law (n.a. in acid environment)";
2) not available, non available - not available, no data

NB(nota bene - note particularly) - note bene, mark "notice well, take note"

no.(number) - number: e.g. "I gave him a mug with the text "I am Dad No.1.""

prev.(previous) - previous: e.g. "See preview page for more information."

pt.(part) - part: e.g. "You can look it up in Quantum Physics pt. II."

qt.(quantity / quart) - quantity; quart

resp.(respectively) - respectively: e.g. "Basic earnings increased 40% and 39 % to $0.55 and $0.54 resp."

std.(standard) - standard, standard

vs.(versus) - against: e.g. "We went to see Alien vs. Predator"

w/(with) - with: e.g. "Add sugar w/ cinnamon to the batter."

w/o(without) - without: e.g. "There you can order sandwiches w/o mayo."